METEOKITES OF NORTH AMERICA. 



79 



27 by 23 by 22 cm., was jagged and irregular in shape, and showed olivine crystals all over the exterior. The 60-pound 

 mass measured 36 by 21 by 17 cm. and was an elongated rounded piece, with one large flat side showing large spaces 

 filled with olivine. The 40-pound mass measured 22 by 21 by 13 cm. It was of irregular shape with one large pro- 

 jecting point. The 36-pound mass measured 22 by 22 by 16 cm., it had the shape of a flattened spheroid, containing 

 some olivine, but almost entirely iron, showing large pittings like the 75-pound or the 345-pound masses. There were 

 17 or 18 small masses weighing 18, 12, 7, 6, 5, 3, and 1 pound respectively; and a few weighing only 1 ounce each. 

 Analyses by L. G. Eakins: 



Iron. 



Fe 88.49 



Ni 10.35 



Co 57 



Cu 03 



P 14 



S 08 



C Trace. 



Si Trace. 



99.66 



Olivine. 



Si0 2 40.70 



A1 2 3 Trace. 



Fe 2 3 18 



FeO 10.79 



NiO 02 



MnO 14 



MgO '.. 48.02 



99.85 



Outer olivine. 



Si0 2 34.14 



FeO 23.20 



NiO Trace. 



CoO 03 



MnO 09 



MgO 40.19 



S 5.42 



Less O for S. 



103. 07 

 2.71 



100. 36 



Specific gravity, 5.17-7.15. 



The iron is brilliant white, inclosing the troilite, and surrounding the olivine crystals. Occasionally small etched 

 surfaces show delicate figures like the Linnville Mountain meteorite. Troilite exists plentifully in rounded grains 

 from 1 to 5 mm. in diameter, and in thin folia mixed with and surrounding the olivine crystals, as well as running into 

 and filling small spaces in the body of the iron, either as flat plates or rounded masses. Several flat circular plates 

 (crystals?) of graphite, 2 mm. in diameter, were also observed. The olivine crystals are very brilliant and break out 

 entire, the faces on many of them being distinct enough to allow measurement of the angles. The spaces from which 

 they break are highly polished, showing every crystal face with mirrow-like luster; and in the center there is a coating 

 of a shining mineral that is jet black in color, and crushes into a jet black powder. Many of the olivine crystals are 

 in two distinct zones, the inner half a bright transparent yellow, the outer a dark-brown iron-olivine. In reality this; 

 dark zone is an intimate mixture of troilite and olivine. 



This group of meteorites possesses more than ordinary interest on account of its peculiar composition and structure, 

 and because of its probable connection with the meteoric iron found in the Turner Mounds in Ohio. It is probable 

 that a small mass of 2 or 3 pounds was carried by the Indians to the Ohio valley (?). In both the Kiowa County and 

 the Mound specimens the body of the meteorite is iron, in which are embedded circular masses of crystals of olivine. 



Snow 2 described the find of an additional individual as follows: 



Since my communication in Science of May 9, in reference to the Kiowa County (Kansas) meteorites, I have 

 again visited the locality and obtained a 218.25-pound pallasite. This is not a new find, but is one which was first 

 discovered upon the farm of Mr. James Evans more than a year ago. The location may be seen by consulting the map 

 illustrating Mr. Kunz's article in Science of June 13. Only about 1 square foot of the surface of this meteorite, just 

 level with the ground, was exposed to view, and it thus easily escaped subsequent observation on the unploughed 

 grassy prairie. The dimensions are 20.5 by 16.5 inches, by 10.5 inches at base. The shape is that of an irregular 

 triangular pyramid, and it stands easily upon its base. The specimen, not having been exposed to the weather and 

 the dangers of rough usage, as were the other members of this group, presents fine clusters of olivine crystals in several 

 cavities upon two of its faces. There are eight cavities on one face. Some of the cavities are 4 inches in diameter and 

 2 inches deep. Nearly all the cavities contain fine crystals of yellow olivine and of chromite. Some of the former are 

 three-sixteenths of an inch in diameter, and so perfect that the angles can readily be measured. This specimen is also 

 unique in that the crystals of chromite are so large and so prominent. The chromite has a fine luster, gives a dark- 

 brown powder, and scratches glass. 



Much of the olivine is black and glassy, with a conchoidal fracture. It shades imperceptibly into a honey-yellow 

 and colorless varieties. The light yields a light-brown powder, and is very brittle. Its fusibility is about five. 



At some points on the surface there is a dirty white incrustation. This, on examination, proved to be carbonate 

 of lime, and is without doubt due to deposits from the calcareous soil in which the meteorite was embedded. 



The prevailing color of this iron is dark reddish brown, more inclined to red than others of this fall that we have 

 seen. 



On cutting a section from the meteorite and treating the polished surface with nitric acid, the characteristic Wied- 

 mannstatten markings are visible. The fragments of troilite can be plainly seen on the polished surface. The meteor- 

 ite has about the same arrangement of iron, olivine, etc., as others of this group. Its specific gravity, as obtained from 

 the whole mass, is 4.79; that of the iron and nickel alloy is 7.70; of the olivine (yellow), 3.64 (water at 25° C). The vol- 

 ume of the entire mass, determined in the process of obtaining its specific gravity, was found to be 20.6 liters. 



