METEORITES OF NORTH AMERICA. 83 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. 



1. 1890: Kunz. On five new American meteorites. Amer. Journ. Sci., 3d ser., vol. 40, pp. 312-318; and Science, 



n. s., vol. 15, pp. 359-362. (With map of Brenham Township showing distribution of the masses and other 

 illustrations.) 



2. 1890: Snow. Another meteorite from Kiowa County, Kansas. Science, n. s., vol. 1G, p. 39. 



3. 1890: Winchell and Dodge. The Brenham, Kiowa County, Kansas, meteorites. Amer. Geol., vol. 5, pp. 309- 



312; and vol. 6, pp. 370-377. (Analyses and illustration of section.) 



4. 1891: Huntington. The prehistoric and Kiowa County pallasites. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts and Sci., vol. 26, 



pp. 1-12, 3 plates. 



5. 1892: Hay. The Kiowa County meteorites. Amer. Journ. Sci., 3d ser., vol. 43, p. 80. 



6. 1893: Meunier. Examen mineralogique et lithologique de la meteorite de Kiowa, Kansas. Comptes Rendue, 



Tome 116, pp. 447-450. 



7. 1895: Meunier. Revision des lithosiderites; pp. 20-24. (Illustration of etched section.) 



8. 1895: Brezina. Wiener Sammlung, pp. 265-266. 



BRIDGEWATER. 



Burke County, North Carolina. 



Here also Burke County, 1890. 



Latitude 35° 41' N., longitude 81° 45' W. 



Iron. Fine octahedrite (Of) of Brezina. 



Found and described 1890. 



Weight, 13.15 kgs., (29 lbs.). 



This meteorite was first described by Kunz ' as follows : 



This meteorite was found by a negro plowman, 2 miles from Bridgewater station, in the western part of Burke 

 County, near the McDowell County line in North Carolina, latitude 35° 41' N., longitude 81° 45' W., of Greenwich, in 

 the year 1890. The negro thought that it must be either gold or silver from its weight, and took it to some railroad 

 laborers, who broke it into two pieces, one of which weighed 10.5 pounds and the other 18.5 pounds, or 30 pounds in all. 

 The mass measured 22.5 by 15 by 10 cm. (9 by 6 by 4 in.). 



Traces of black crust very much oxidized are still visible on the surface. The iron is octahedral in structure, so 

 that the mass was readily broken by the laborers who found it. Between the cleavage plates schreibersite is visible. 

 On etching a polished surface of this iron the characteristic Widmannstatten figures are brought out. 



The specific gravity of a fragment was found to be 6.617. The following analysis was kindly furnished by Prof. 

 F. P. Venable, of the University of North Carolina: 



Fe Ni Co P CI 



88.90 9.94 0.76 0.35 0.02 =99.97 



Kunz gives a cut of the mass and its etching figures. 

 Brezina 4 notes — • 



the presence of deep clefts following the octahedral structure. It was along one of these clefts that the mass was broken 

 by the laborers. The surface of one such cleft follows an octahedral face 9 cm. long and 7 cm. broad and cuts through 

 a series of octahedral steps for 7 cm. into another octahedral surface. An etched surface shows uniform structure 

 with long, straight, little bunched bands. The kamacite has fine, half-shaded hatching of a peculiar flakinesa 

 resulting from the unequal etching of single portions of each band. Tsenite is strongly developed. The fields are 

 small, filled chiefly with gray plessite, rarely with shadowy lamellae. Streaks of cohenite occur occasionally though 

 not abundantly in the kamacite; also rarely schreibersite with outlines suggesting crystal form and containing spherical 

 troilite inclusions. 



Cohen 3 found the iron capable of acquiring more or less permanent mangetism, and Leick 3 

 found that it possessed a specific magnetism of 2.63 units per gram. 

 Cohen 5 further describes the structure of the iron as follows: 



Bridgewater is distinguished by long, straight, swollen, rarely and only weakly grouped lamellae, very prominent 

 tsenite, and not large but richly distributed fields which nearly equal the lamellae in quantity. The kamacite is generally 

 not at all granulated, but in places weakly so. It is strongly hatched. On the majority of the bands ridges appear 

 prominently accompanied by sparing and very small etch pits, and the oriented sheen is strong. Other bands have a 

 flaky appearance and duller luster. Ridges do not appear on strong magnification, but the main mass of the kamacite 

 is much darkened, whether by angular, closely grouped pits or by embedded dust-like forms, can not be distinguished. 

 The smaller fields and those lying between bands consist of compact dark plessite which, as usual under the microscope, 

 appears to be uniformly filled with angular shining scales. In the more extended fields the latter are somewhat larger 

 and in places so increase in number that it appears as if one such field was composed of small partly bright and partly 



