METEORITES OF NORTH AMERICA. 107 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. 



1. 1898: Peary. Northward over the Great Ice, vol. 2, pp. 552-618. (Illustrated with numerous plates and figures 



showing occurrence and mode of shipment of the meteorites, also their form and etching figures.) 



2. 1902: Wabd. Proc. Rochester Acad. Sci., vol. 4, p. 73. 



Capitan. See El Capitan. 

 Carleton. See Tucson. 



CARLTON. 



Hamilton County, Texas. 



Here also Hamilton County and Carlton-Hamilton. 



Latitude 31° 55' N., longitude 98° 2' W. 



Iron. Fine octahedrite (Of) of Brezina; Carltonite (type 22) of Meunier. 



Found 1887; described 1890. 



Weight, 81.5 kgs. (179 lbs.). 



This meteorite was first described by Howell ' as follows : 



In April, 1888, while plowing in his field, about 5 miles south of Carlton, Hamilton County, Texas, Mr. Frank Kolb 

 struck with his plow what he at first supposed was a stone, but which proved to be the meteorite in question. Whether 

 or not he had any idea of its true nature does not appear, but he seems to have kept it about a year before engaging a 

 Mr. St. Clair to sell it for him. 



It measured 17.5 by 13 inches (44 by 33 cm.), and weighed 179 pounds (S1.5 kg.), and waa entire except for a few 

 ounces cut off for analysis. The thinner end had been pounded considerably, however, and some small fragments may 

 have been detached, so that its original weight may have been 180 pounds. 



It is roughly conical in form, the under side or base being smoother and less sharply pitted than the upper side, 

 which was probably the forward end in its flight through the earth's atmosphere. Although very little oxidized, it 

 Bhows none of the striae and ridges characteristic of a recent fall. 



This iron etches quickly and most beautifully with a very dilute acid. Where the plessite is most abundant the 

 figures resemble somewhat the markings on the Trenton and Murfreesboro irons, but more closely those of the Descu- 

 bridora. The lines of kamacite are narrower, however, than in any of these irons, and the inclosed figures smaller and 

 more elongated, being in many parts a mere thread 5 to 8 mm. in length; but in this respect different parts of the same 

 section vary greatly. Some of the inclosed figures are beautifully marked with the fine lines first noted by Dr. J. 

 Lawrence Smith on the Trenton iron, and called by him Laphamite markings. These mostly disappear when the 

 iron is deeply etched. 



Analysis (Eakins) : 



Fe Ni Co Cu S P C 



86.54 12.77 0.63 0.02 0.03 0.16 0.11 =100.26 



Specific gravity, 7.95 at 27°. 



Meunier 3 described the structure as follows : 



The resemblance of this stone with that of Laurens Court House is very close. The principal difference consists 

 in the presence of pyrrhotine in quantity, which fills the cracks of the mass which was broken under mechanical strain, 

 following the direction of the orientation of the constituent alloys. A further result is that the sulphureted accumu- 

 lations upon the sections are spindle-shaped. Very small grains of schreibersite appear here and there in the mass of 

 carltonine. 



Brezina * in his 1895 catalogue described the iron as follows: 



The Carlton iron is one of unusual variety of structure. The exterior is tolerably fresh, showing numerous semi- 

 circular depressions 1 to 1.5 cm. in Bize, formed doubtless by the fusing out of troilite. These are filled to the depth of 

 one or two thirds of their capacity with bright gray, mostly concentrically arranged, fused iron. On such places the 

 iron often glistens to a depth of 5 to 10 cm. In one place a crack, filled with limonite and magnetite, extends from the' 

 outside to the interior, apparently in the place of a great schreibersite crystal. Likewise there is to be seen upon only 

 one portion of the exterior an octahedral facet, exposed by weathering. The lamina? are mostly long and unevenly 

 notched, 0.2 mm. thick, and straight; only upon one small side upon which the iron struck the ground i3 there to be 

 found a more marked swelling, caused by bending, and the laminse are correspondingly strongly bent. The fields are 

 sometimes very fully developed, almost as in the case of Butler, and sometimes with the bands in equal propor- 

 tion, but occasionally are almost entirely wanting. When the fields predominate they are usually filled with 

 dark-gray plessite, which shows distinct, glistening points; not infrequently there is found in the midst of such 

 an area a central, half-blended skeleton often reduced to extreme fineness, which is either connected with the borders 

 of the field with a few laminse running outward or else apparently lies free in the plessite. Occasionally instead of 



