METEORITES OF NORTH AMERICA. 121 



4. 1876: Weight. On the gases contained in meteorites. Amer Journ. Sci., 3d ser., vol. 2, p. 257 and (3) 12, p. 1G7. 



5. 1883: Smith. Concretions. Amer. Journ. Sci., 3d ser., vol. 25, p. 417. 



6. 1885: Brezina. Wiener Sammlung, pp. 208-209 and 233. 



7. 1887: Brezina and Cohen: Photographien, plates 17 and 18. 



8. 1893: Meunier. Revision des fers me^teoriques, pp. 41 and 42. (Illustration of an etched plate.) 



9. 1905: Cohen. Meteoritenkunde, Heft 3, pp. 320-324. 



Chattooga County. See Holland's Store. 



Cherokee County, 1868. See Losttown. 



Cherokee County, 1894. See Canton. 



Cherokee Mills. See Canton. 



Chester County. See Chesterville. 



CHESTERVILLE. 



Chester County, South Carolina. 



Latitude 34° 43' N., longitude 81° 13' W. 



Iron. Nickel-poor ataxite of Brezina; Braunite (type 3, sec. 2) of Meunier. 



Found a few years prior to 1849 ; described 1849. 



Weight, about 16 kgs. (35 lbs.), of which half was forged. 



The history and characters of this meteorite have been summarized by Cohen 13 as follows : 



Shepard ' states regarding this meteorite that he was informed through a letter from Dr. E. H. Andrews that the 

 iron was found by plowing on the Columbia Road 6.5 miles below Chesterville, Chester County, South Carolina. 

 About half of the original block, which weighed 16J kg. and whose form was comparable to that of a Unio shell, was 

 worked up into horseshoes, nails, and door hinges. 



The outer surface was very much notched and covered with rust. By a preliminary chemical examination 

 Shepard found traces of cobalt and chromium, besides a content of nickel of about 5 per cent. Iron sulphide present 

 in lumps yielded in solution fine scales of graphite. Etching produced on one place scattered figures which resembled 

 Chinese characters, on another, short, straight lines with quadrangular cross section, which occasionally arranged 

 themselves in meshes like a cobweb; in the spaces between the raised glistening linear systems small shiny points 

 were sometimes observed, sometimes also fine Widmannstatten figures. 



Clark ' determined the specific gravity as 7.818; Wohler 2 found the iron active. 



Reichenbach 4 first referred Chesterville to his group of iron meteorites of the simplest composition, which con- 

 sist entirely of kamacite and are rich in glanzeisen in irregular lumps scattered throughout the mass without any 

 order. Later he undoubtedly reckoned Chesterville among the irons with trias which are free from combs. He 

 mentions bronze-colored iron sulphide in roundish lumps of moderate size and gives the specific gravity as 7.55. 



Rose 5 described Chesterville as a fine-grained mass, which yields a dull etching surface with small roundish 

 eminences, and, lying between these, shiny grains of various forms. He also notes a steel-gray and fine-grained frac- 

 ture, and a black, thin, and uneven crust. 



According to Meunier, 6 ' 8 this meteorite consists solely of Braunine (Fe, 6 Ni) with deposits 

 of schreibersite, rhabdite, iron sulphide, and black substances. 



Brezina 7 - 9 first noted that the rhabdite was arranged according to definite crystallo- 

 graphic planes throughout the entire mass of the iron and classified it under the hexahedral 

 irons, since he regarded as probable an orientation of the rhabdite according to the hexahedron. 



Cohen l2 continues as follows: 



On weak etching there appear, on the homogeneous groundmass, little rounded elevations 0.03 mm. broad and 

 double to six times this length, in large numbers and lying close together, so that the surface presents a swollen appear- 

 ance, like that of Campo del Cielo and Cincinnati, although in Chesterville it is considerably less prominent and is 

 only plainly visible under a strong lens. On stronger etching the previously homogeneous groundmass exhibits numer- 

 ous isometric grains 0.05 to 0.2 mm. in diameter, irregularly bounded, and with a delicate, oriented sheen. Its granular 

 structure is most plainly marked in the neighborhood of the large rhabdites or schreibersites, since here the swellings 

 fail, so that they are surrounded by a dull etching zone. Here and there originate, after strong etching, little striated 

 pits which seem to run parallel to one another and to be oriented perpendicularly. Chesterville is distinguished by 

 a considerable content of nickel-iron phosphide. In part, this appears in the form of sharply bounded rhabdites, 

 which are now long and thin, now short and relatively thick. Thus, a needle 4 mm. long is only 0.05 mm. thick, while 

 most which are only half as long have four times the above thickness. In the larger many are broken and the pieces 

 are dislocated. One can, however, often recognize their connection by the shape of the fractured surfaces. The 

 formation of the rhabdites must have been finished before the surrounding nickel-iron reached a cooled condition, 



