14 MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



liquified gelatin has dense white tlocculi floating in it, which finally settle to the bottom, leaving 

 the fluid portion almost perfectly clear. The floor becomes level after a time. In cultures kept 

 in an atmosphere of hydrogen, long hair-like outgrowths from the puncture are formed. Smaller 

 ones are sometimes seen in the ordinary cultures also. 



Potato. — A dry white layer forms over much of the surface by the third day, which soon 

 becomes a dirty white, smooth, and shining. After two weeks a faint pink color is noticed. The 

 growth does not become folded nor wrinkled. 



Bouillon. — Becomes diffusely cloudy by the third day, and a thin pellicle forms on the surface 

 by the fifth day. This becomes thicker, acquires a metallic sheen, and is thrown iuto large folds. 



Rosolie acid. — Becomes lighter about the fifth day. A thin pellicle forms on the surface, and 

 the color is entirely discharged after ten days. The reaction is alkaline. 



Litmus milk. — Color becomes lighter aud the casein is coagulated in fine flocculi by the fourth 

 day. The color is discharged at the end of a week, and there is a dense shiny deposit at the 

 bottom, apparently casein, that has been changed in some way. Reaction alkaline. 



Sugar gelatin, deep stab. — Growth quite deep, with liquefaction as in plain gelatin. No gas 

 formed. 



Indol. — Reaction negative. 



Relation to temperature. — Crows more rapidly at 35° to 36° C. than at room temperature. 



Note. — This bacillus seems to belong to the potato group, and also resembles the subtilis in 

 many respects. It is to be distinguished by the formation of its colonies, especially the deep ones, 

 by its lack of motility and the tardy spore formation. From the potato bacillus especially, it may 

 be distinguished by the good growth in hydrogen and its effect on rosolic acid. 



Bacillus Viuide>scens Non-liquefaciens. 



Found in made soil, a number of years old, at the depth of 54 inches. 



Character. — Good growth in an atmosphere of hydrogen. 



Morphology. — Short, straight rods with rounded ends, from two to three times as long as broad. 

 Many of the rods are so short as to be oval. Occurs singly mostly, but also in twos and threes. 

 It stains more deeply at the ends. 



Spore formation not observed. 



Motility. — Acti vely motile. 



Colonies on gelatin plates. — Colonies appear in thirty-six to forty hours as minute dots, having 

 a faintly greenish tint. At the end of forty-eight hours, the deep colonies are about one-tenth of 



©a millimeter in diameter, while those on the surface are 1 mm. in diameter, x SO. 

 The deep are finely granular, circular in shape, and with even edges. Near the 

 margins fine stria' may be indistinctly seen. The surface colonies have a circular 

 shape, with clean cut margins, and a faintly green color, x 80. A dense yellow- 

 ish disk with even margins, in which not much structure can be made out, except 

 near the edges, where it is finely striated. A nucleus, usually eccentric, can gen 



Gel. stab. 07 ^ j * / ^ 



Surface growth. erally be made out, and the colony is more dense just around it. Later, the 

 nucleus becomes lost by the increased density, and the edges become finely notched. There is 

 no liquefaction of the gelatin. 



Agar slant. — A very thin greenish white band forms along the line of inoculation by the 

 second day. This spreads near the bottom to the tube walls. It is never thick, and 

 is smooth and glistening, and a very faint greenish white. 



Gelatin slant. — A smooth, translucent, greenish white band is formed by the sec- 

 ond day with even margins. It becomes more white, is thin and lacks tenacity, so 

 that it flows down to the bottom, collecting in a white mass. It never spreads more 

 than 2 mm., and does not liquefy the gelatin. 



Gelatin stab. — The growth down the puncture is scanty, being confined mainly to 

 the surface, where a button 1 mm. in diameter has formed by the second day. This 

 increases until by the end of a week it is 5 mm. in diameter, is white, not very thick, 

 and has irregular leafy edges. There is no liquefaction at the end of four weeks. 



Potato. — A faintly yellowish, thin layer forms by the second day, and where the Gel ' Btab ' 

 potato is moist has spread to the tube wall. It is smooth, moist, and shining. By the fourth day 



