6 MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



Blood and a normal saline solution containing from 0.2 to 0.01 per cent venom, equal parts. 

 There was no apparent effect from these high dilutions of venom except the breaking down of 

 the blood in forty-eight liours, which is the time needed for destruction of the human-blood 

 corpuscles when treated in the same way. 



Iu the immunization of the guinea pig to large doses of venom, which we attempted on many 

 occasions by beginning with 1 per cent of the fatal dose and gradually giving larger doses, we 

 found it almost impossible to get beyond the minimum fatal dose. The sloughing of the parts 

 near the seat of the injections was too extreme or the animal died from the effect of the poison. 



THE EFFECT OF VENOM UPON THE BLOOD OF THE DOG. 



The erythrocytes in the slides of normal blood were G micromillimeters in diamater. The 

 ameboid motion stopped in twenty-four liours. The corpuscles were broken down in ninety-six 

 hours. 



Blood and venom mixed, 20 centimeters of each, showed erythrocytes small, 4 micromilli- 

 meters in diameter, globular, gelatinous, and ductile. The leucocytes have active ameboid 

 motion. In twenty four hours the conditions were the same, and iu forty-eight liours the ameboid 

 motion had ceased. In one hundred and forty four hours all the corpuscles were broken down. 



Blood and a normal saline solution mixed in equal parts showed no change in the corpuscles 

 at first, and in forty-eight liours the corpuscles were broken down. 



Blood and a normal saline solution containing 10 per cent venom, equal parts. The erythro- 

 cytes became 4 inicroniillimeters in diameter, dark, globular, and adhesive. The leucocytes were 

 dark and retained active ameboid movement. In seventy-two hours all the corpuscles were 

 broken down. 



Blood and a normal saline solution containing 1 per cent venom, equal parts, showed the 

 erythrocytes 5 micromillimeters iu diameter, and otherwise the same as where the 10 percent 

 venom was used. 



When blood was mixed with a normal saline solution containing from 0.2 to 0.01 per cent 

 venom, equal parts, the dilutions higher than 0.05 per cent venom showed very little, if any, 

 alteration of the corpuscles. Iu forty-eight hours all the corpuscles were broken down. 



EFFECT OF VENOM UPON THE BLOOD OF A MOUSE. 



In the normal blood the corpuscles retain their shape with slight crenation for one hundred 

 and forty-four liours. 



When blood and venom are mixed in equal parts the erythrocytes were diminished from 5 to 

 3 micromillimeters in diameter. They became spherical, more refractive, clumped, and showed 

 increased ductility. The leucocytes were slightly smaller and there was no apparent movement. 



Blood and a normal saline solution were mixed in equal parts. There was no immediate effect 

 upon the corpuscles, and in seventy-two hours the corpuscles were broken down. The other 

 dilutions of blood and venom from 10 to 0.01 per cent showed no apparent immediate effect iu the 

 dilutions above 1 per cent. In the higher dilutions the corpuscles were destroyed in forty-eight 

 hours. 



THE EFFECT OF VENOM UPON THE BLOOD OF THE PIGEON. 



Normal blood: The erythrocytes of normal blood were 11 inicroniillimeters in diameter, oval, 

 and nucleated. The leucocytes showed active ameboid movement. In twenty-four hours many 

 nuclei had escaped and the ameboid motion of the leucocytes had stopped. 



Blood and venom, a mixture of 20 cubic micromillimeters of each, showed the erythrocytes 

 dark and spindle-shaped, and in many the nuclei were not distinct. Other corpuscles were cir- 

 cular. 7 micromillimeters in diameter, and of a light chocolate color. In twenty four hours there 

 were no free nuclei. The ninety-six hours there was no other change. 



Blood and a normal saline solution, equal parts, showed erythrocytes swollen and circular. 

 The nuclei were discharged very quickly, and in seventy-two hours they alone were visible. 



