4 MEMOIRS NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. vol. xii, 



on both wings. The brown lunules toward the apex and the costo-apical black spot edged with 

 blue scales are much as in A. pandora, but there is no distinct red patch beyond; it is only 

 faintly indicated. The angle or loop made just behind the subcostal ocellus is angular, and 

 more as in A. armida than in pandora. 



Hind wings with a narrow lunate discal spot, more distinct than in A. armida or pandora. 

 Under side of the wings with the lines, discal spot and costo-apical ocellus and lines much 

 as above, though the ground color is paler. The submarginal line of lunules is obsolete behind 

 the red and brown marks of the apical region, and on the hind wings the submarginal pale lilac 

 line and the brown lunules beyond are distinct, and not present in A. armida. On each side 

 of the abdomen are short six luteous or pale yellowish-brown spots. The specific name applies 

 with less force to this than the other species, the tarsi being scarcely paler than the base of 

 the legs. 



Expanse of fore wings, 2 114 mm. 

 Length of a fore wing, 2 60 mm. 

 Breadth of a fore wing, 2 32 mm. 

 Length of a hind wing, 2 45 mm. 

 Breadth of a hind wing, 2 34 mm. 

 This species, with its well pectinated 2 antennae, well-developed tongue, discal spot, entire 

 nonfalcate fore wings, and rounded hind wings, appears to be the most primitive or generalized 

 species of the genus, and A. richardsoni the most specialized and recently evolved form. The 

 fact that the mature larva retains two long thoracic fUamental appendages is a further proof 

 of the primitive nature of this species. 



Larva. — Stage III. The small young (in stage III?) has a pair of long, slender filamental 

 metathoracic horns about half as long as the body, and a caudal filamental horn of nearly the 

 same length. 



FuU-fed larva. — The older larva has no caudal horn, but retains the two thoracic append- 

 ages, which are about a quarter as long as the body. The methathoracic segment is much 

 swollen, while the dorsal surface of the eighth abdominal segment presents a broad, slightly 

 concave smooth surface. Peters does not positively say whether this is the full-fed larva or 

 not, but the pupa (subterranean) is figured. 



Peters describes the larva as dark gray, sprinkled with brown; with a yellow lateral fine 

 and yellow with black markings on the head and tail end. Pupa of the same general appearance 

 as that of A. armida. 



Food plant. — It lives exclusively on a shrub with a bur-like fruit, called locally "carapicho" 

 (Vrena sinuata). 



Geographical distribution. — Petropolis, Brazil (J. G. Fetterle), Brazil (J. Doll). Only in 

 the mountainous country near Rio (Peters). 



ARSENURA PANDORA (Klug). 



Saturnia pandora Klug, Neue Schmett., I, p. 6, Taf. 5, fig. 2, 1836. 

 Rhescyntis pandora Maassen and Weymer, Beitrage z. Schmett., I, fig. 3, 1869. 

 Arsenura pandora Kirby, Syn. Cat. Lep. Het., I, p. 769, 1892. 

 Arsenura xanthopus Peters, Het.-Raupen., p. 9, 1898-1901. 



Imago. — 1 2 , 1 9 . Though a much larger species, allied to A. armida in the shape of the 

 wings and the markings, though the hind wings of 2 are not angulated. Antennae of 2 with 

 a little longer cilia, $ antennae simple, one-half as wide as in 2 , with fine cilia. Palpi the 

 same as in A. armida. 



Fore wings, apex much rounder, not falcate, scarcely subfalcate, outer edge slightly exca- 

 vated. Hind wings of 2 not angulated, outer edge full, rounded, the same in both sexes, 

 and the markings the same. Ground color dark fawn and vandyke brown. Fore wings with 

 the basal line distinct, dark, sending a point out along the median vein; within this fine the 

 wing is ashen fawn ( 2 ) or dark fawn (9). Extradiscal faint, dark, somewhat sinuous; the 

 submarginal line very distinct, whitish, within vandyke brown, very sinuous, two deep sinuses, 

 one bent in toward the discal spot, the other on the inner edge of the wing; each sinus divided 



