44 MEMOIRS NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. vol. xii, 



palpi, reaching only to near the end of the second joint. Thorax and abdomen with the squa- 

 mation not so long and shaggy as in Nudaurelia; collar not so distinct as in that genus. 



Fore wings subfalcate, a little shorter and wider than in Nudaurelia; costa a little more 

 arched at apex, which is more obtuse than in Nudaurelia. Hind wings much more rounded, 

 apex more obtuse, and the outer edge less oblique than in Nudaurelia; the wings extend some- 

 what beyond the end of the abdomen. 



Venation: Vein II [III in revised nomenclature] and its branches as in Nudaurelia, II 2 

 wanting as in that genus; the vein arises at a point situated (costally) in front of the middle of 

 the discal cell, and close to the very short common stalk of veins II 3 and IL. Vein III 2 not 

 detached to form an indejiendent vein, not so much detached as in Nudaurelia; the two discal 

 veins forming a fine straight line; the discal cell broader and shorter than in Nudaurelia. In 

 the hind wings the veins beyond the broad discal cell are shorter, and the veins and ocellus 

 situated nearer the outer edge of the wing than in Nudaurelia. 



Markings : They differ from those of Nudaurelia (cytherea) in the ocellus of the fore wings 

 being solid, with no clear space, and only a fine dark outer ring, and a fine white semicircular 

 line on the inside. The ocellus of the hind wing is large, round, not oval, with a minute clear 

 oval space, a wider dark outer ring and a pale steel blue inner semicircular line. The basal and 

 extradiscal lines white, not scalloped. Costal edge of fore wings and the prothorax whitish 

 gray. 



Fore tibia stout, not spined at the end; with dense bushy hairs, c? odoriferous sack usually 

 narrow, cultriform, acute, about two-thirds as long as the tibia itself. 



Cocoon. — Cocoon forming a thin silken network, through the meshes of which the pupa can 

 be seen. The genus is placed by Sonthonnax between Thyella and Melanocera, but it seems to 

 approach near to Nudaurelia. It is readily distinguished from Nudaurelia by the widely 

 pectinated ? antennae, the longer palpi, and also by difference in the venation, including the 

 absence of vein II 2 (second subcostal vein), and the shorter more rounded wings. The characters 

 given by Sonthonnax are with the exception of the well-pectinated ? antennae, those of the 

 markings and coloration; but such distinctions are not as a rule very safe to found a genus on, 

 as the species vary in these respects, and they should only be considered in connection with 

 more fundamental structural characters. It will be interesting to learn whether the larva 

 enters the earth to pupate or spins a slight cocoon above ground, and whether the abdomen of 

 the pupa ends in a well-developed cremaster. The pupa of Nudaurelia dione, the only species 

 whose transformations are known, is subterranean, according to Sonthonnax, the larva spinning 

 no cocoon. 



Geographical distribution. — Malagasy region. The single known species of the genus is 

 confined to Madagascar. 



[A. consanguinea Distant, from the Transvaal, was described in 1903.] 



ANTHERINA SURAKA (Boisduval). 

 Plate XXXVII, fig. 5. 

 [Saturnia suraka Boisduval, Faune Madag. Lep., (1833), p. 89, pi. 12, fig. 4.] 



Imago. — One ? . Head deep orange-yellow; thorax paler, collar all white-gray, extending 

 along the costa. Fore wings uniformly pale yellowish buff-brown; basal line broad, white, 

 enlarging on the costa, about midway between the base of the wing and the ocellus. Extradiscal 

 line broad, white, not scalloped, running near the discal spot and much curved around to the costa, 

 ending in the outer third, where it expends and meets a pink hoary costal patch, ending on the 

 costa just before the apex. Ocellus solid ochcr brown, of a deeper hue than the rest of the wing, 

 and surrounded on the outside by a narrow thread-like dark semicircle, and within by a pink- 

 white one. 



Hind wings paler, more yellow ocher than above, pink on the inner and costal side of the 

 ocellus; the extradiscal line broad, consisting of three shades of pink, the middle shade whitish 

 pink; the line curves around to unite with the basal one, and forms a large loop inclosing the 

 ocellus. The latter is centered by a minute clear spot, situated in a solid deep ocher-yellow 



