176 MEMOIRS NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. vol. xn, 



like, of nearly if not quite the same size on all the segments, and bear a few rather long fine 

 hairs, those of the second thoracic and eighth abdominal tubercles being a little longer than the 

 others. This is only a slight indication of a process of differentiation which is so marked in 

 the more specialized genera. The number of tubercles on the eighth abdominal segment is 

 apparently six, the same number as in Saturnia and allied genera. The lateral tubercles are 

 small and are drawn in the figure as bearing but a single hair. 



Cocoon. — Pear-shaped ; with no stalk. 



Pupa. — Of moderate thickness, the abdomen ending in several short and black points. 



GRAELLSIA ISABELLA (Graells). 



Plate XLIII, figs. 3, 4; LXXIII, figs. 3, 4; XCVII. 



Saturnia isabellx Graells, Annales Soc. Ent. France, PL 8, 1850. 

 Attacus isabellx Rambur, Cat. Syst. Lep. Andalousie, p. 378, 1858. 



GffiARD, Metamorphoses Ins., p. 263, figs. 211 et 212. 

 Saturnia isabellx Milliere, Icon. et. Descr. Chenilles et Lep., Annales Soc. Linn. Lyon. (Nouv. Se>.), XVIII, p. 1, 1872. 

 Actias isabellx Maassen and Weymer, Beitrages Schemtt., Ill, figs. 40, 41; 1873. 

 Tropaea isabellx Kirby, Syn. Cat. Lep. Het., 1, p. 765, 1892. 

 Graellsia isabellx Grote, Die Saturniiden, Mitth. Roemer Museum, VI, p. 26, 1896. 



LARVA. 



Girard, Metamorphoses Ins., p. 263, figs. 211, 212. 



Milliere, Icon, et Descr. Chenilles et Lep., Annales Soc. Linn. Lyon (Nouv. S6r), XVIII, p. 1, 1872. 



[Chapman, Entom. Record, 1902, p. 126.] 



Moth. — One a* , one 9 . (Others seen.) Body brown madder-red, abdomen striped or 

 banded with pale ochreous fawn. Wings delicate pea-green ; veins widened by madder. Discal 

 ocelli with an outer black ring, and on the inside of the discal veins a wide pale steel-blue semi- 

 circle, within red-pink and outside of the vein a broad yellow semicircle. No intra and extra 

 discal lines, but three submarginal brown lines, of which the inner is about one-half as wide as 

 the middle one. Edge of wings all around madder red-brown. Beneath exactly as above, 

 including the ocelli, though the blue is less distinct. 



Expanse of fore wings, c? 80; 9 82 mm. 



Length of fore wing, o* 44; 9 45 mm.; length of hind wings <? 52 mm., of 9 37 mm. 



There is a slight variation in the size of the ocelli, those of the 9 not reaching the median 

 vein. 



Larva. — It is described by Milliere as cylindrical, the body being provided with button- 

 like tubercles bearing brown hairs which are longest on the second thoracic and eighth abdominal 

 segments. He does not refer to the number of tubercles on this segment. 



The markings are interesting as being protective like those of other larvae which feed on 

 the pine, such as those of the sphingid moth EUerna and certain Noctuidae. The ground color of 

 the body is apple green. The dorsal band and the cross-bands are reddish, while the two series 

 of lateral square white spots give it the checkered appearance seen in other caterpillars which 

 live among pine leaves. There is a wide reddish brown dorsal band edged with whitish on 

 each side. Abdominal segments 1-S transversely faintly banded with reddish brown, each 

 band or circle on each side being regularly divided by two diagonal yellowish-white spots. 

 Over the body is scattered numerous yellowish-white spots. The anal legs are of the same 

 shape as the other abdominal ones. 



Cocoon. — Pear-shaped, without a stalk, spun among the needles, varying in color from 

 reddish brown to whitish blonde. 



Pupa. — Moderately thick, oval, with the last segment ending in several short, black points. 



Food plant. — Pinus maritima. 



Geographical distribution. — This interesting form is restricted to a single small area or locality 

 on the heights around Madrid, Spain. [Sierra de Guadarrama, north and east of Madrid.] 

 The fact of its being limited to such a circumscribed spot in southern Europe, as well as its prim- 



