212 MEMOIRS NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. vol.su, 



describes larva, cocoon, and imago. Trouvelot (Amer. Nat., March, 1867, v. 1, p. 31) gives a note on the cocoon. 

 Riley (Amer. Entom., Feb. 1870, v. 2, p. 97-102, and 4th Ann. Rept. State Entom. Mo., 1872, p. 103-107) describes 

 the eggs and figures and describes the larva, pupa, cocoon, and male imago. Sprague (Can. Entom., April, 1870, v. 2, 

 p. 82) describes the eggs. Saunders (Can. Entom., Oct., 1S71, v. 3, p. 149-155) figures and describes the larva, cocoon, 

 and male imago. Lintner (Entom. Contrib., No. 3, 1874, p. 125) describes the young larva. Worthington (Can. 

 Entom., Sept., 1876, v. 8, p. 165-166) notices some color varieties of the imago. Gentry (Can. Entom., March, 1877, 

 v. 9, p. 41— 49) describes the egg, different stages of the larva, and cocoon. Grote (Can. Entom., Sept., 1878, v. 10, p. 176) 

 says this species is double-brooded in the Southern United States. Packard (Bull. 7, U. S. Entom. Comm., 1881, p. 113) 

 figures the larva. Neumoegen (Papilio, Jan., 1882, v. 2, p. 18) states that this species usually emerges from the pupal 

 State about 5 p.m.; Brodie {op. cit.. May, 18S2, v. 2, p. 83), on the contrary, states that the emergency normally takes 

 place about 10 a. m. Riley and others state that the larva has five stages, but Wailly (Bull. Soc. Acclim., France, 

 May, 1882, s. 3, v. 9, p. 266-267) writer that it has six stages. Brodie (Papilio, Feb., 1882, v. 1, p. 32-33) gives a list 

 of 49 species of plants belonging to 20 genera on which the larva will feed. The genera are Tilia, Acer, Negundo, Primus, 

 Spirxa, Crataegus, Pyrus, Amelanchier, Ribes, Sambucus, Ulmus, Quercus, Fagus, Corylus, Carpinus, Betula, Alnus, 

 SalLx, and Populus. From other authors the following genera are compiled: Berberis, Liriodendron, Syringa, Carya, 

 Gledilschia, Rubies, Ceanothus, Ampelopsis, Cephalanthus , Fraxinus , Vaccmium , and Rosa. 



Imago. — s and $ . Body brick-red, abdomen banded with white, with a lateral white 

 line. 



Fore wings gray or grizzly brown, tinged with brick-red at the base of the wing and on the 

 outside of the basal line. The latter is gra} r , edged externally with black and either forming a 

 distinct angle on the [cubital] vein or the line is a little curved. The middle area of the whig 

 is rather dark, without any decided reddish tint. Extradiscal line brick-reddish, white toward 

 the inner edge of the wing; the line is slightly curved outward opposite the discal spot and 

 either slightly or distinctly scalloped. Discal spot large, semicircular, directed outwards, 

 extended parallel with the costa; it is black on the edge, brick-red within, and white at the 

 inner end witliin. It varies in size, but is about one-fifth as long as the wing itself. The 

 grizzly black-brown shade of the whig reaches to the ocellus in cell II 2 and breaks up into a series 

 of intracellular triangles projecting into the pale rich Vandyke brown margin of the wing. 

 These scallops frequently become detached, forming a series of black patches, the two largest 

 of which are situated hi cell median 1,2. 



The ocellus is rounded oval, almost pyriform, black, enclosing a semicircular blue line, 

 with the sinus partly filled with pale vandyke-brown scales; a red line above the ocellus, and a 

 reddish apical shade. Toward the costa is a costo-apical zigzag white line slightly shaded 

 with red and composed of two large pointed scallops, and a part of a small one on the costa. A 

 clear black-brown scalloped submarginal line, the apex of each scallop either pointed or behind 

 the first median vein obtuse and broad and resting on the veins; this line ends in a black spot 

 on the costa near the apex, the white apico-costal line arising from the inner end of the same 

 black spot. Beyond this line the wing is clear pale rich Vandyke brown, clear of spots and 

 scales, and inclining to be a little deeper in tone on the edge of the wing. 



Hind wings marked like the anterior ones, but with no basal line. Discal spot larger by a 

 third, and inclosing much more white near the base, and not reaching very near the extradis- 

 cal line, winch is a broad white line broadly edged externally with brick red shading into brown. 

 Beyond is a scalloped pale vandyke brown line. This shade or diffuse line is succeeded by 

 series of about six blackish brown elongated spots which are contracted on the middle of the 

 inner side. Beyond are two marginal parallel lines, the outermost the fainter of the two. 



Under side of the wings with more white scales, the discal spots show a greater expanse of 

 white than above. Legs entirely brick-red. 



Expanse of wings, 6* 155, ? 135; length of fore wing, S 76, $ 72 mm. 

 Size of discal spots on fore whigs, 14 by 5 mm.; on hind wings, 16 by 6 \ nun. 



[Geographical distribution. — The records of the United States Department of Agriculture 

 indicate the occurrence of S. cecropia in the following localities (the collectors' names are not 

 given) : Massachusetts (Holyoke) ; Maine (Riclunond, Bucksport, South Lewiston) ; New 

 Hampshire (Sanbornville) ; New York (Charlton, East Steamburg, Hillsdale, New York City, 

 Onondaga Hill, Brooklyn, Rockville Center); New Jersey (Hammerton, Basking Ridge; 

 Freehold) ; Pennsylvania (Dreshertown, Norristown, Roulette, North East, Connellsville) ; 



