242 MEMOIRS NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. vol. xii, 



to the hind wings, but not to the fore wings, as in the <? native Chinese and Pennsylvania race 

 he has kindly sent me the fore wings are of the same width in both forms. 



Imago. — Two <? , two 9 . Compared with a Canton, China, i of the normal form (perhaps 

 of the summer ochreous form), the principal and most striking differences are, besides the rich 

 olive green color, the shape of the ocellus, the shorter discal spots of both wings, and the shape 

 of the hind wings. Body and wings of a rich olive green and of about the same size as that of 

 the parent Chinese species. Fore wings slightly narrower than in the normal Chinese P. cynthia. 

 Head at base of antennae and on the sides white. The ocellus is rounder, not so obliquely oval, 

 and the discal spots of both pairs of wings are decidedly shorter than in the normal Chinese 

 species, those of hind wings boomerang-shaped, translucent in center. The hind wings differ 

 decidedly in shape, the outer edge instead of being nearly straight, having become full and 

 convex. Thus, taking the Pennsylvania and New York o* <? , the convexity beyond a line 

 drawn from the liinder end to the apex of the wing is from 7 to 9 mm. in depth, while in the 

 Chinese parent species, <? , it measures about half as much, i. e., 5 mm. 



The sinus in the marginal line of the fore wing situated in the cell next behind the ocellus 

 is shallower than in the Chinese species, the bottom of that of the new American race being 

 eclipsed or filed in by the encroachment of the dark-peppered oclireous shade passing across 

 the wing. The subapical white zigzag line is- less marked and the points between the scallops 

 are finer and less distinct than in the native Chinese species. There is no perceptible difference 

 in the markings of the outer margin of the hind wings. The male antennas (width 5 mm.) and 

 palpi are the same in both forms. The palpi are 3-jointed, large, the "tongue" (maxilla 3 ) is 

 as long as the head is broad. The thorax under the insertion of the wings and the fringe on the 

 legs white. 



Abdomen white at base with a broad median broken white line, the segments being entirely 

 white in the middle, the white extending down the sides towards the end of the body; with two 

 series of white tufts on the sides, those of the upper series the larger; also a double row of 

 ventral white small tufts. 



On the whole, the new American race is a very different one from the Chinese or oriental 

 parent species, and judging from Grote's photograph the European form varies in almost 

 exactly the same way. 



Expanse of fore wings, 131 mm., 9 71. 



Length of fore wings, <? 62 mm. ; breadth from inner angle across the middle of the 

 discal spot to the costa, 30-31 mm.; 9 38 mm. Chinese form, breadth from 

 inner angle across the middle of the discal spot to the costa, 32 mm. 

 Length of hind wing, <? 43-47 mm. ; 9 55 ; breadth, 9 38 mm. 

 Length of discal spot of fore wing, d 1 14^-16 by 3£-4£ mm. ; 9 17 by 6 mm. 

 Length of discal spot of hind wing, <? 10-11 by 5-5 £ mm. ; 9 12 by 4^ mm. 

 Length of ocellus, $ 4 by 3 mm. ; in S Chinese parent form, 6 by 3 \ mm. ; in American 

 race, 9 5 by 3£. 

 [A memorandum in pencil, probably of later date, notes:] 



[Moths bred from larvae] fed on castor oil plant (Akhurst) have lower band on hind wing 

 and all the dark markings on fore wing black and increased in width and size. One specimen 

 Mr. E[lliot] reared on butternut was suffused all over with dull yellow. [One raised] on dogwood 

 [had] an extra band in middle of fore wing, forming a discal spot not found in the normal 

 specimens, so as to make a new variety. 



[In his account of P. lunula below, Dr. Packard gives the name advena to the American 

 race. Mr. J. H. Watson has also given it a manuscript name. Dr. Dyar (litt., May 8, 1912) 

 writes with reference to the materials available in the United States National Museum: "Our 

 species is nearest to pryeri of anything I have, and is not like the walkeri from India." There 

 is nothing in the Museum from China. 



J. B. Smith (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., IX (1886), pp. 417-418), says: "The species varies 

 from a bright, almost ochre, yellow to a pale greenish-clay color. The violet or lilac is also 

 variably intense and the lines vary somewhat. * * * Since the date of its introduction 



