MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. Ill 



with these craw Ihil;- insects, riuiiiiiii;' uliout in all diieetions t<i tiiiil food, \\ liich the trees, already 

 denuded of foliage, no louyer atVorded. Thev are found in large numl)ers every year and seem 

 to prefer, if not too numerous, the smaller trees. The leather large, flat eggs of this moth are 

 dei)osite(l early in July, and always in large, irregular cluster.s on the imder side of a leaf, and 

 ahnost invariably near the tip of a l)ranch." 



•"The young caterpillars ajijx'af toward the end of July, but sometimes much later — so late, 

 in fact, that the mature ones tind it ditiicult to obtain the necessary food among the, discolored 

 autumnal leaves. The voung caterpillars are gregarious and feed only at regular intervals, 

 huddling together at other times. The younger and more tender leaves near the ends of 

 branches are first eaten and nothing of them remains but the midril) and stem, and in some 

 cases the leaf beneath the empty shell, . . . As the caterpillars grow larger the colony 

 separates into smaller families, and when the worms reach their full size they scatter more and 

 more, forced to do so by their ever increasing appetite. Before reaching their full size the\' 

 undergo a number of molts. Their empty skins are not eaten or thrown away, which is very 

 frequenth' the case with caterpillars, but remain for a long time upon the ribs of the under side 

 of a leaf, to which the caterpillar had fastened itself very securely before undergoing a n)olt. 

 The skin of these caterpillars is remarkably hard and stitf. which accounts for the peculiarity of 

 leaving the empty skin behind, as if inflated. Although gregarious, the_y do not form a web of 

 any kind." 



Parasites. — Li inneria fugitiva Say. and a Tachina (Lugger). 



Geograjiliical distrihutioii. — Island of Orleans, Province of Quebec. Canada, very rare (Han- 

 ham Bowles); Sagadahoc and Cumberland counties. Me., abundant; Amherst, Mass., Providence, 

 E. I. (Packard); Boston, Mass. (Harris); near Albany, N. Y. (Lintner); Pennsylvania (Claypole); 

 New Jersey (■"common," Smith): St. Louis, Mo., Cedar County. Iowa (Riley); ^linnesota (Lug- 

 ger); Georgia (Abl)ot). A member of the Appalachian and Austroriparian sultprovinces; its 

 northern and southwestern limits can not yet be exactly defined. (See Map VII.) 



(PI. XX, figs. 15, 15a, 15b.) 



Bombyx rubicunda FABRicies, Eiit. Syst., Ill (1), p. 429, u. 69. 1793. 



Dryocampa rubicunda Harris (in Hitchcook's Report on the (jeologj-, etc., of Massachusetts, -t", p. .592, 1834, 



and 2d ed., 1835), Cat. Ins. Mass., p. 72. 1835; Treatise Inj. Insects, 3 ed., fig. 206, p. 408. 1862.— 



Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. Br. JIus., VI, p. 1497. 18.55. -Morris, Synopsis Lep. N. Anier., p. 232. 1862. 

 Anisota rubicunda Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., p. 93. June, 1864. 



Dryocampa rubicunda Packard, Synopsis Bombycid;e TJ. S., II, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil., ]>. 384. Xov., 1864. 

 Dryocampa venusta Walker, Suppl. Cat. Lep. Het. Br. Mus., 2 (32), p. 574. 1865. 

 Adelocephala rubicunda Boisduval, Annales Soc. Ent. Belgique, XV, p. 88. 1872. 

 Dryocampa {Anisota) rubicunda Riley, 5th Ann. Rep. Ins. Missouri, p. 137, fig. a, b, c. 1873. 

 Dryocampa rubicunda var. alba Grote, Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sc, II, p. 183. 1874. 

 Dryocampa pallida Bowles, Can. Ent., VII, p. 108. 1875. — Beutexmdller, Cat. hombycine moths N. York, 



p. 440. 1898. 

 Dryocampa rubicunda Packard, 5th Rep. U. S. Ent. Coram. Ins. Inj. Forest Trees, )). 392. 1890. — Kirhy, Syn. 



Cat. Lep. Het., I, p. 739. 1892. 

 Ajiisota rubicunda Neumoegen and Dyar, Journ. X. Y. Ent. Soc, II, p. 148. Dec, 1894. 

 Anisota rubicunda var. alba Neujioegen and Dyar, Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc, II, p. 148. Dec, 1894. 



"Anisota senatm-ia Abbot & Smith (Nat. Hist. Lepid. Ins. Ga., 1797, v. 2, p. 113, pi. 57). Harris (Rept. Ins. 

 Injur. Veg., 1841, p. 291, 292) describes the larva, pupa, and imago of this sjiecies; the larva, he states, feeds upon 

 white and red oaks [Quercus sp.]. Morris (Synop. Lepid. N. A., 1862, p. 231) describes the larva and imago. 

 Harris (Treatise on Ins. Injur. Veg., 1862, p. 405, 406) figures and describes larva, pupa, and imago, and (Entom. 

 Corresp., 1869, p. 298, pi. 2, fig. 9, and pi. 4, fig. 12) gives a colored figure of the larva and a black one of the pupa. 

 Riley [?] (Amer. Entom., .Sept. -Oct., 1869, v. 2, p. 26) states that the larva eats raspberry [Rubus sp.]. Lintner 

 (Entom. Contrib., No. 2, 1872, p. 51, 52) describes the early stages of the larva, which, he write.s, has four molts 

 (five stages), and feeds on Quercus prinoidts. Packard (Bull. 7, U. S. Entom. Coram., 1881, p. 45) briefly describes 

 the larva, and gives a few notes upon its habits. The larva feeds on Behda alba. (Mrs. Dimiuock, Psyche, W. 

 p. 275. ) 



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