MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SOIENCES. 127 



W;ilki>r stiitcs tliiit tlu'i'e i.s in the ? a .slender ziivzajj' reddish biuid near the outer border. 

 Expanse of winys, 5*2 lines. 



1 iiad supposed that this was prolnibly oidy a eliniatic variety of /'/. iiiipi'ri((lin, but on an 

 examination of \\w lai'va and pujia preserved in the Canil)ridge Museum, and kindly loaned nie 

 l)y Mr. S. Henshaw. 1 tiiid that there are differences in both. larva and pupa, which appear to be 

 most probably constant. If so. then K. ravicuK is probaliiy the stern-form inhabiting' Brazil, the 

 probable center of origin of the genus, and our Central and North American K. iiDper'uilis is 

 probably a later diniatic species, its specitic characters having been assumed as the result of its 

 exposure to a cooli>r. more northern climate. 



Lii'rr,.—{\>\. XVII. tigs. i^. 2 A. 2 R. Copied from Hurmeister.) 



An alcoholic specimen difl'ers from a Idown example of K. 'imperhtlh from New Yoi-k in 

 its nuich larger size. The head is dark, as was probably thc^ body, as in Burmeister''s iigure. 

 The dark head is j'ellowish brown on the sides. Prothoracic shield and armature just as in 

 E. imperialism the vestigial spines low, not nearly so high as broad. The most marked difference 

 is seen in the dorsal and subdorsal second and third thoracic horns and in the caudal horn. 

 They are in E. aic'ciis venj hnuj ntul slender, and the spinules are Jine and slender, acute, not 

 course, thick, and short as in E. tinperialis. The horns are also slenderer at base and not sub- 

 conical as in E. iniji, ri(d is. -incX are considei'ably longer in proportion. (See PI. XLVIII, fig. 4.) 



Another decided difference is the ecjuality in size of the horns of the dorsal and sul)dorsal 

 series (///) in E. eacicus; in this species those of the subdorsal series are slightly thicker, but 

 very slightly shorter, than the dorsal ones, while in E. hnpertalis they are about a third as long 

 and scarcely higher tlian broad; they bear al)out 1:2 spinules, which are not short, l)road, and 

 crowded together, as in E. iinjierialis, being on the contraiy slender and delicate, very acute. 

 The caudal horn (tig. 4, e) is also longer and higher, less curved, thick at the l)ase, and with 

 scattered, slender spiiudes. 



The body is very hairy, densely so. the hairs l^eing pal(> horn-colored and rather longer 

 than in the most hairy E. impierlalix. The suranal plate armed with granulations, which are 

 crowded as in E. !in)>erialis, but coarser and rounde(h Anal leg with somewhat crowded 

 granulations, which are larger and more roundinl than in /f. itnperialis. 



Burmeister states that the spines are roiuje eunrune, but those of our E. hnperiaUs are 

 always dark brown or yellow. The ground color of the body varies according to Burmeister in 

 being of a clear green or of an obscure graj'ish brown. We infei'. therefore, that dichromatism 

 occurs in the South .\merican larva as well as in its representative in North America. 



The stigmata of E. cacieus are carmine red with a white ring (eeinturc). The abdominal 

 legs are marked with a large lacquered red spot above the planta. 



Burmeister, stating that Boisduval gives to the North American type, which is smaller and 

 clearer in color, the name of hnperialix, and to the South American that of .1. enc/eits, adds that 

 the individuals from Buenos Ayres resemble the North American form in size and color, with 

 some ap])arent modifications in ornamentation, bringing it nearer the Brazilian t3'pe. "This 

 form is known under the name of B<tsil<iii(i (or Crenadia) 'v^wcrt." (Atlas, p. -tC.) 



Pupa. — Length. ti5 nnu.; thickness, io nnn. (PI. LVI, figs. 6, t>«). It differs from that of 

 E. iinperialis in the longei' maxilla^ and legs. The labi'um is more distinct; the head in front 

 le.ss rugose, but elsewhere, namely on the wings and bodv, the surface is more spinose (compare 

 figs. 5 and 6 and ha with 6«). The hinder edges of the posterior abdominal segments are much 

 more spinose, the teeth or spines on the hind edge of the sixth abdominal segment being longer 

 than thick, and acute. The cremaster is smooth on the under side, whereas in the S of E. iinperialis 

 there are longitudinal ridges; on the upper side it does not speciallj' differ from the other species 

 named. The armature on abdominal segments 8-10 is much as in E. iaqierialix. 



Food plantx. — In Brazil, according to Burmei.ster, it lives on different plants; he found it at 

 Rio de Janeiro on Manglfera indica, at Buenos Ayres on ErytJtrina crista galli. 



Geoijrapliical divtrihutiem. — Rio Janeii-o (.Vgassiz, Museum of Comp. Zoology, C'aml)ridge, 

 Mass.); Rio Janeiro (British Museum); Brazil (Beske in Boisduval). 

 Vol. 9—05 9 



