MEMOIRS OF TIIK NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 129 



Citherouia PArKAUi), I'roo. ICiit. Scic. I'liil., Ill, ji.SSl, Xdv. 18li4. — (iuiiTK ami Ron., Prof. Knt. 8oc. Phil., 



IV, p. 222, April. 1805; Annals Lycvuni Nat. Hist. N. Y., Vlll, p. 2!», PI. XII, %. 1 i. IStifi. 



Ceratocampa Boismv.M,, Annales Soc. Knt. France {4""'S(?r. ), VIII, p. 310. 1868. — Bur.meister, Dcscr. Phys. 

 Rop. Argentine, V, Ix'p. p. 48t). 1878. 



Cithcrtiiiia and iSiic/c.s- Kirhy, Syn. Cat. I>ep. Het. I, p. 742. 1892. 



Cilhcro)iin NEiMOKtiKN and Dvah, .I.inrn. \. V. Knt. Sor. II, p. 1.50, Dec. 1894. — Pyar, List Lep. N. A., p. 

 76. 1902. 



Imago. — Head broad in trout, suhtrianoular wlion denuded; ej^e.s larjje and round. Antennae 

 of S bipcctinated to a little beyond tlie nikldle; the pectinations shorter, stouter, and more 

 densely ciliated than in Eacle.s and le.ss numerous (IS double pairs); in ? .simple, but with tine, 

 minute, vestigial peetinations, a single pair to each joint. 



Palpi stout, moderately large, slightly ascending, extending slightly or well beyond (in 

 C. sepulcral is) the front; the third joint distinct, button-like. Ma.xilhe minute, but distinct, 

 though very short, scarcely reaching beyond the palpi. Thorax and body stout and heavy, 

 sphingiform. 



Fore wings narrow, apex jn'olonged, subacute; costa nearly straight to the apex, which is 

 subacute; outer edge very oblique, as long as the inner edge. In 9 the wings are much broader, 

 and the apex more obtuse. Hind wings rounded at the apex, but more produced in this region 

 than in Eacles, and the wing is more subtriangular. They do not extend so far toward the end 

 of. the abdoiuen as in P^acles. Legs not so stout and thick as in Eacles, and the tibial spur of the 

 S is not quite so broad; it is a little more than half as long as the tibia itself. 



Venation (PI. L\'III, tigs. 1, 1</): As will be seen by the figures, the venation is quite constant 

 in the four species examined. Vein IIL is alwa_ys present, and is long and well developed; III, 

 always ari.ses well within the outer end of the discal cell, i. e., within the discal veins. The latter 

 together form a less oblique line than in Eacles, and tend rather to curve in toward the cubital 

 vein ( — ); the discal cell is rather small, triangular. In the hind wings the outer end of the 

 discal cell is straighter, less ol)lique than in Eacles, the discal veins being in C. hiaccfii^m, {i,vion) 

 more oblique, and thus approaching Eacles more than the other species examined. 



Coloration: Ground color, tending to be l)rown-orange, orange-red on the veins, with yellow 

 spots, or lilac-brown predominates {s,ji)iJrr<(Ux and t/ie.vicana); no detinite discal spots; in .some 

 species a submarginal red or yellow zigzag line. 



Genitalia (Pis. LIX, fig. Sa\ LX, figs. 2, '2<i-2d): Suranal plate, narrow, style-like (rei/a/is), 

 or broad and triangular (.v<yv///vv?//.s); two pairs of clasper.s; the lower pair distinct from the 

 upper, hook-like, curved upward, divided at the end; upper claspers, seen sidewise, large, broad, 

 oval; from above, narrow, oval, with no terminal projection or hook. Penis, style-like. 



The genital armature of the male is characterized by the broad, oval claspers, the large 

 harpes, the short penis-guard (y'), and the long, acute penis (fig. 21, p.) 



Egg. — Flattened, oval cjdindrical; shell thin, parchment like, obscurel_y and very minutely 

 sculptured, with hexagonal pits. (See p. 1.32.) 



Larca. — A pair of long dorsal prothoracic horns in addition to those on the second and third 

 thoracic segments; the latter very large, usually longer than the body is thick; caudal iiorn long, 

 nearly half as nuich so as the thoracic horns; a shorter median horn on the ninth abdominal 

 segment. The other dorsal and lateral abdominal spines longer than in any other genus except 

 Adelocephala ; suranal plate rugose, but not granulated, diflering in this re.spect from Eacles; 

 bearing two short low stout spines one on each side of the middle. 



Young larva, before molting, with long spinous thoracic horns ending in buHxnis expansions, 

 bearing a lateral terminal rod on each side; the caudal horn with a similar ending; the other 

 spines long and tjranching, difi'ering from Eacles in the l)ulbous endings and tiie spinuloso shafts 

 of the horns. 



Pupa. — Body very thick, rounded in front; end of abdomen very blunt, cremaster reduced 

 to a vestige ending in two small rounded tultercles; body smooth with no si)ines; maxilhe long, 

 though slightly shorter than in Eacles. It sliould be observed that Hurmeister represents tiie 

 pupa of ('. prlncipaUn with a large, well-developed, forked cremaster. (PI. xx. fig. ti on 

 PI. XVII.) 



