268 



CETACEA 



various species of their own order, not only the smaller Porpoises 

 and Dolphins, but even full-sized Whales, which last they combine 

 in packs to hunt down and destroy, as Wolves do the larger 

 Ruminants. 



Fig, 95.— The Killer Whale, or Grampus {Orca gladiator). From Hunter. 



Orca citoniensis, of the Italian Pliocene, was of smaller size than 

 the existing Killer. Teeth and periotic bones from the Suffolk Crag 

 not improbably belong to the same species. 



Pseudorca. 1 — Teeth about i£. Cranial and dental characters 

 generally like those of Orca, except that the roots of the teeth are 

 cylindrical. Vertebras: C 7, D 10, L 9, C 24; total 50. First 

 to sixth or seventh cervical vertebras united. Bodies of the lumbar 

 vertebras distinguished from those of the preceding genera by being 

 more elongated, the length being to the width as 3 to 2. Pectoral 

 fin of moderate size, narrow, and pointed. Dorsal fin situated near 

 the middle of the back, of moderate size, falcate. Head in front of 

 the blowhole high, and compressed anteriorly, the snout truncated. 



This genus was first known by the discovery of a skull in a 

 sub -fossil state in a fen in Lincolnshire, named by Sir Ft. Owen 

 Phocccna crassidens. Animals of apparently the same species were 

 afterwards met with in small herds on the Danish coast, and fully 

 described by Bernhardt. Others subsequently received from Tas- 

 mania were supposed at first to indicate a different species, but 

 comparison of a larger series of specimens from these extremely 

 distant localities fails to establish any characteristic difference, and 

 indicates an immense range of distribution for a species appar- 

 ently so rare. The length of this Cetacean is about 14 feet, and 

 its colour entirely black. 



Globkephalus. 2 — Teeth g^|, confined to the anterior half of the 

 rostrum and corresponding part of the mandible, small, conical, 

 curved, sharp-pointed when unworn, sometimes deciduous in old 

 age. Skull broad and depressed. Rostrum and cranial portion 

 about equal in length. Upper surface of rostrum broad and flat. 



1 Reinhardt, Overs. Dan. Sczsk. Fork. 1862, p. 151. 

 2 Lesson, N. Tab. d. BegTie Animal— Mamm. p. 200(1842). 



