2S4 



UNGULATA 



man Islands ; S. taevanus, Formosa ; S. leucoimjstax, 



verrucosus, Java, Borneo, 

 Celebes, Philippines, and 

 Java. The last four 



Japan ; S. 

 Ceram ; S. barbatus, Borneo ; S. celebensis, 

 Moluccas ; S. hngirostris, Borneo and 

 species form an allied group in which the 

 facial portion of the skull may be greatly 

 elongated ; S. barbatus and & celebensis 

 being characterised by the small size and 

 simple structure of the talon of the third 

 molars. The skull of S. hngirostris is 

 shown in Figs. 104 and 105. The small 

 8. andamanensis also has very simple third 

 molars. S. vittatus, S. leucomystax, S. cris- 

 tatus, S. taevanus, and S. papuensis form 

 another group, in which the third molar 

 is generally of very complex structure, 

 more or less closely allied to the Wild 

 Boar ; and Dr. Nehring is inclined to 

 think that the Avhole five might be in- 

 cluded under a single specific name. This 

 list will give some idea of the geographical 

 distribution of wild Pigs, but it must be 

 borne in mind that through the whole of 

 this region, and in fact now throughout 

 the greater part of the habitable world, 

 Pigs are kept by man in a domesticated 

 state, and it is still an open question 

 whether some of the wild Pigs of the 

 islands named above may not be local 

 races derived originally from, or crossed 

 with, imported domestic specimens. In 

 New Zealand a wild or rather " feral " 

 race is already established, the origin of 

 which is of course quite recent, since it is 

 well ascertained that no animal of the 

 kind ever lived upon the island until 

 after its settlement b}^ Europeans. 

 Whether the various breeds of domestic Pms have been derived 

 from one or several sources is still unknown. As in so many 

 similar cases, there is no historic evidence upon the subject, 

 and the researches of naturalists, as Nathusius, Biitimeyer, 

 Bolleston, Nehring, and others, who have endeavoured to settle 

 the question on anatomical evidence, have not led to any satis- 

 factory conclusions. It is, however, tolerably certain that all 

 the species or forms of wild Pigs enumerated above and all the 

 domestic races are closely allied, and it is probable (though of 

 this there has been no opportunity of proof) will breed freely 



Fig. 105. — Frontal aspect of 

 the cranium of Sits longirostris. 

 I; natural size. (From Nehring.) 



