338 



UNGULA TA 



< 'ephalophus. 1 — One pair of horns, arising far back on the frontals, 

 conical, short, angulated at the base, and erect or recurved. Sub- 

 orbital gland opening in the form of a slit, or as a row of pores. 

 Auditory bulla divided by a distinct septum. Muffle large and moist. 

 Tail very short. Head tufted. Upper molars of larger species with 

 an accessory internal column. Dorsal vertebrae fourteen in number. 

 Some sixteen species, confined to southern and tropical Africa. 



The Duikerboks, as the members of this genus are called, are 

 among the most graceful of the African Antelopes, the smallest 

 species not being larger than a rabbit. The West African C. 

 sylvicultor and C. longiceps are the largest species. 



Tcfraceros. 2 — Two pairs of conical horns, of which the anterior 

 are much the smaller. Suborbital gland elongated, and lachrymal 



fossa very large. Upper molars 

 (Fig. 140) without accessory internal 

 column. One existing Indian species 

 (T. qvadricornis). 



The Four-horned Antelope is found 

 throughout the peninsula of India in 

 jungle. The general colour is brown, 

 lighter beneath and on the inside of 

 the limbs. Remains of this species 

 are found fossil in the cave-deposits 

 of Madras, and a small Ruminant from 

 the Pliocene of the Siwalik Hills has 

 fig. 140. -Palatal and outer aspects of been Provisionally referred to this 



the three right upper premolars and first geilUS. 



mi ilar of the Four-horned Antelope (Tetra 

 ceros guadricornis). From the Palceon 

 tologia Tndica. 



Cervicaprine Section. — Small or 

 large Antelopes now confined to the 

 Ethiopian region, with horns present 

 only in the males, lachrymal vacuity generally large, more or less 

 distinct pits at the apertures of the supraorbital foramina in the 

 frontals, and narrow upper molars in which there is no accessory 

 internal column. 



Neotragus? — Distinguished from the next genus by having the 

 crown of the head tufted, muzzle hairy, premaxillse long and 

 reaching the lachrymals, nasals very short, mesethmoid much 

 ossified, third lobe of last lower molar either absent or very small, 

 and the hinder lobe of the corresponding upper molar much reduced. 



Three species, Salt's Antelope {N. saltianus), from Abyssinia, 

 and also N. lirki and A r . danwmisis ; the two latter having a small 

 third lobe to the last molar. Writing of the first-named species, 



1 Hamilton-Smith, in Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv. p. 258 (1827). 

 Taken to include Grimmia, Terphone, etc., of Gray. 



2 Leach, Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xiv. p. 524 (1823). 



3 Hamilton-Smith, in Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv. p. 269 (1827). 



