668 



CHIROPTERA 



premaxillaries, deciduous upper incisors, and the presence of only 

 two lower incisors. Most of the species have a peculiar glandular 

 sac (Fig. 313) placed between the angles of the lower jaw. This 

 is a sexual character, for, while always more developed in males 

 than in females, in some species, although distinct in the male, 

 it is quite absent in the female. An open gular sac is wanting 

 in both sexes in T. mclanopogon, but about its usual position the 

 openings of small pores may be seen, the secretion exuding from 



•qim 



: ;'/'' l 



Fig. 313. — Heads of Taphozous longimanus, showing relative development of gular sacs in 

 male and female. (Dobson, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1873.) 



which probably causes the hairs to grow very long, forming the 

 black beard found in many male specimens of this species. 



In the Diclidwrine division there is but a single genus, repre- 

 sented by two species. 



Diclidurus. 1 — Dentition : i \, c \, p f, m § ; total 32. Both 

 species are from the Neotropical region, the typical D. albas ranging 

 as far north as Central America. This Bat resembles the species 

 of Taphozous in the form of the head and ears, but, besides other 

 characters, differs from all other Bats in possessing a peculiar pouch, 

 opening on the centre of the inferior surface of the interfemoral 

 membrane ; the extremity of the tail enters this, and perforates its 

 fundus. 



The Noctilionine division is likewise represented only by a single 

 genus, with two species. This genus connects the present with the 

 following family, possessing characters common to both, but also so 

 many remarkable special peculiarities as almost to warrant the 

 formation of a separate family for its reception. 



Noctilio. 2 — Dentition 



1 1) C 1> P 2> 



Ill 



% ; total 28. The two 



$ ) 



species N. leporinus and N. albiventer inhabit Central and South 

 America. The typical N. leporinus is a Bat of very curious aspect, 

 with strangely folded lips, erect cutaneous processes on the chin, 

 and enormous feet and claws. The first upper incisors are close 

 together, and so large as to conceal the small outer ones, while in 

 the lower jaw there is one pair of small incisors. This apparent 

 resemblance to a Rodent actually led Linnaeus to remove this species 

 from the Bats and place it in the Rodents. This Bat is remark- 



1 Wied, Ms, 1819, p. 1629. - Linn. Syst. Nat. 12th ed. vol. i. p. 88 (1766). 





