

674 CHIROPTERA 



Trachyops, Phylloderma, Phyllostoma, Anthorhina, 1 Mimon, Hemiderma 2 

 and Bhmophylla; all, with the exception of the last, being distinguished 

 from one another chiefly by the form of the skull and the presence 



or absence of the second lower premolar. 

 Trachyops, Phylloderma, and the three 

 last-named genera are each represented 

 by a single species. Phyllostoma has- 

 tatum, in which the forearm has a 

 length of 3 - 2 inches, and next in point 

 of size to Vampyrus spectrum, is a well- 

 known species in South America; P. 

 elongatum (Fig. 319) differs in its smaller 

 size and much larger nose-leaf. Hemi- 

 derma hrevicauda is a small species, 

 FiG.3i9.-HeadofPWfo*to9»aeto whicll f orms a connecting link between 



gatum. (From Dobson, Proc. Zool. Soc. .. - , ,...° „,. 777 



1806> ) this and the next division, hhinopliyila 



pumilio, the smallest known species 

 of the family, is further distinguished by the narrowness of its 

 molars, which do not form W-shaped cusps, and by the very small 

 size of the last upper molar ; characters connecting it with the 

 Stenodermatine division. 



In the second or Glossophagine division of the subfamily the 

 muzzle is long and narrow; the tongue remarkably long and exten- 

 sible, much attenuated towards the tip, and beset Avith very long 

 filiform recurved papillse ; lower lip with a wide groove above, and 

 in front margined by small warts ; nose-leaf small ; tail short or 

 absent. Dentition : i ^, c %, p - \^-, m -^ ; teeth very narrow ; 

 molars with narrow W-shaped cusps, sometimes indistinct or absent; 

 lower incisors very small or deciduous. 



The ten species included in this division are arranged under 

 seven genera, 3 distinguished principally by differences in the form 

 and number of the teeth and the presence or absence of the 

 zygomatic arch. The form and position of the upper incisors are 

 extremely variable. In Glossophaga and Phyllonycteris the upper 

 incisors form, as in the Vampyrine division, a continuous row between 

 the canines ; in Monophylla and Leptonycteris 4 they are separated 

 into pairs by a narrow interval in front; while in Lonchoglossa, 

 Glossonyderis, and Choeronycteris they are widely separated and placed 

 in pairs near the canines. In the first four genera the lower incisors 

 are present (at least up to a certain age), while in the last three 



1 New name : Syn. Tylodoma ; Gervais, 1855. Preoccupied by Sharpe, 1849. 

 2 Gervais, Castlenau's Exped.-Zool. p. 43 (1855): Syn. Carollia, Gray, 1838. 

 Preoccupied by Carolia, Cantraine, 1837. 3 The references to the genera of 

 this and the following division will be found in Dobson's Catalogue. 4 New- 



name : Syn. Ischnoglossa, Saussure, 1860. Preoccupied by Kraatz, 1856. 



