MAZE STUDIES WITH WHITE RAT 297 



The cage was first rotated for the three new positions on 

 successive days. No disturbance was manifested. Both blinds 

 and normals were disturbed in similar conditions. This fact 

 would indicate a sensitive function for olfaction. The rats were 

 now left in each new position for five days and tested daily. No 

 effect was observable for the first position. In the second posi- 

 tion both rats manifested considerable hesitancy and indecision 

 in nearly every run and one rat made eleven errors in one trial. 

 The hesitancy and indecision were again apparent for the third 

 position; one rat made fourteen errors in two trials, and the 

 other eleven errors in one trial. Prolonged exposure thus in- 

 duces a disturbance. The fact again indicates a defective sen- 

 sitivity on the part of these rats. 



These two anosmic rats belonged to a group of three animals, 

 one of which died before the series of tests were completed. 

 The record of this rat which was not histologically examined 

 was similar in every respect to those giv^en above. 



A group of six anosmics were subjected to several tests on the 

 sideless maze in the early part of the experimentation; these 

 were not examined. Their results, however, were similar to 

 those two which are known to be anosmic t The degree of dis- 

 turbance was practically identical with that for normal rats 

 in the following experiments, — position of experimenter, posi- 

 tion of maze, and rotation of maze. They exhibited little evi- 

 dence of any disturbance when the cage was rotated or altered 

 in position. 



BLIND AND ANOSMIC ANIMALS 



Five such animals were tested and afterwards examined. All 

 were pronounced blind. The anosmic operation was completely 

 successful in but one case. Both olfactory bulbs were intact 

 with one animal; evidently the bulbulous material in front of 

 the olfactory lobes had been removed in this animal. With 

 two animals the left lobe had been successfully removed while 

 the right lobe remained intact or partly severed. In the re- 

 maining animal the sections were made through the frontal 

 lobes of the cerebral hemisphere; on one side the section was 

 sufficient to destroy olfaction; on the other olfactory connec- 

 tions were still possible. This group of rats thus consists of one 

 blind, one blind and anosmic, two blind and partially anosmic, 



