400 W. H. TAUAFERRO 



i.e., the character of the food substance; (2) variations in the 

 external medium; (3) the internal state of the organism. 



Moore (31) maintains that Mast, in his work on Gonium 

 peciorale (reviewed above) in which he holds that orientation 

 to light is brought about by the increased activity of the flagella 

 of the zooids furthest from the stimulated side, does not take 

 into account the possibility that orientation may be brought 

 about by the unequal activity of the two flagella of each single 

 cell. The author's criticism is based on Moore and Goodspeed's 

 study of the orientation of Gonium under the influence of a 

 galvanic current. 



In a study of the reaction of Lumbricus under the influence 

 of a galvanic current, Moore and Kellogg (32) find that this 

 animal at first directs both the anterior and posterior ends 

 toward the cathode, thus assuming a horse-shoe shape. Owing 

 to the fact that the anterior end is more active than the pos- 

 terior, the worm ultimately succeeds in reaching the cathode. 

 The author is of the opinion that these reactions are in accord 

 with Loeb's theory of galvanotropism. 



Parker (33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38) and Parker and Titus (39) 

 have done some very interesting work on the reactions and struc- 

 ture of certain sea-anemones. This work constitutes a valuable 

 contribution to the neuromuscular physiology of this group. It 

 is, however, too extensive to more than mention in this review. 



Rabaud (40) gives an account of the occurrence of the death- 

 feigning reflex in a number of insects and myriapods. He (41) 

 also gives a note on the nature of this reflex. 



In a study of the relation of the body temperature of certain 

 cold-blooded animals to that of their environment, Rogers and 

 Lewis (42) find that the earthworm quickly adjusts itself to the 

 temperature of a rapidly circulating environment while the 

 clam does so less rapidly. After these animals have so adjusted 

 their body temperature, it shows a very close agreement to the 

 temperature of the given environment. 



Schaeffer (43), in studying the food reactions of two species 

 of Amoeba finds that, ' A hungry amoeba will eat the same 

 carmine grain several times in succession, but with each eating 

 the grain becomes less attractive, until it is refused." This 

 refusal, he holds, is very likely due to some change in the grain 

 of carmine as a new grain is generally eaten if presented to the 



