BEHAVIOR OF SPIDERS AND INSECTS OTHER THAN ANTS 411 



Aquatic Lepidoptera are rare and almost no attention has 

 been paid to the American forms. Recently Welch (116) has 

 given a description of the morphology and behavior of two 

 forms studied by him. In both species the mother lays the eggs 

 upon submerged portions of water plants. Laboratory experi- 

 ments demonstrate that in the case of Nymphula macularis 

 Clem. : ' (a) Eggs are invariably deposited at night, (b) Eggs 

 are invariably placed about Donacia (chrysomelid beetle) egg 

 holes when the latter are available, (c) Oviposition may extend 

 over five successive nights, (d) One female may use several 

 Donacia holes before oviposition ceases, (e) Maximum number 

 of eggs laid by a single female was 617. (f) In the absence of 

 Donacia holes or other similar punctures in the water-lily leaves, 

 oviposition was usually delayed but ultimately resulted in the 

 deposition of small egg masses on the lower sides of the leaves 

 at the margins. Egg masses were deposited about artificial 

 punctures and incisions of various sizes and shapes, the dimen- 

 sions of which apparently had little to do with the selection." 



HIBERNATION 



Cosens (19) mentions the hibernation of the lady-bird beetles 

 of Canada. 



Coad (15) finds that the pupa of the wild-cotton weevil hiber- 

 nates in the bolls of Tkurbergia. 



Osborn (70) gives a list of the leaf hoppers that hibernate in 

 Maine. 



Sell (94) could find no experimental evidence that the 12- 

 spotted cucumber beetle hibernates. 



Our literature on the hibernation of flies has been augmented 

 by articles by Ashworth (4) and Dove (25). The latter inves- 

 tigator finds that, in Texas, the pupae and the larvae of the 

 house-fly overwinter in naturally accumulated manure piles. 

 Throughout the mild winter weather adults occasionally emerge 

 from those piles to which fresh manure is continually added. 

 In the spring large numbers emerge. 



ECOLOGY 



In a paper too well filled with good things to permit of an 

 adequate review in the limited space of this article, Adams (1) 

 discusses the ecology of prairie and forest invertebrates. 



