PALAEOLITHIC RACES 343 



"missing link," discovered in September 1891 a molar tooth, 

 the wisdom tooth of Pithecanthropus credits ; a month later, 

 between three and four feet away from the tooth, the cranial 

 vault or the skull-cap was found lying in the same bed, and on 

 the same horizon. Work was then suspended on account of the 

 rainy season, but was resumed in May of the following year, and 

 in August the thigh-bone of the left leg was found lying 50 ft. 

 away from the spot where the first tooth was obtained, but still 

 on the same horizon, and finally, in October, another molar 

 tooth, lying 10 ft. away from the skull-cap. 



After raising a monument to the memory of this supposed 

 ancestral man, 1 Dr. Dubois returned to Europe, bringing his 

 spoils with him. 



The Dutch Government continued the excavations at Trinil 

 after Dr. Dubois' departure, but beyond an additional molar 

 tooth nothing of importance was found. Recently, however, 

 the district has been visited by several investigators. Prof. 

 Klaatsch explored the neighbourhood in search of implements 

 such as might have been made by Pithecanthropus, but he was 

 unable to examine the bed from which it was obtained, as this 

 was submerged to a depth of 3 ft. by the swollen waters of 

 the Bengawan. Prof. Volz of Breslau (loc. cit.J has made a 

 special geological study of the district. But the most important 

 of recent expeditions is that conducted by Madame Selenka, 

 which left Berlin in 1906. 2 The naturalist who assisted her, 

 M. Carthaus, is said to have found that many of the bones of 

 the animals already mentioned have been split longitudinally, as 

 though to extract the marrow ; some have been polished and 

 fashioned into weapons, and others, as well as fragments of 

 wood, have been burnt by fire. Indeed, it is asserted that a 

 hearth has been discovered, with ashes, and fritted fragments 

 of clay and sand. A complete description of the remains of 

 Pithecanthropus has been published by Dr. Dubois, 3 and they 



1 It stands on the edge of a cliff, overlooking the last resting-spot of Pithecan- 

 thropus (previous to his removal) and has served as a useful guide to subsequent 

 investigators. 



s "Die Selenka-Expedition nach Trinil," Globus, vol. xciii. p. 58, 1908. For an 

 interesting summary see " The Age of Pithecanthropus," by J. Deniker, 

 L Anthropologic, 1908, torn. xix. p. 260. 



3 E. Dubois, "Pithecanthropus erectus, eine menschenahnliche Uebergangsform 

 aus Java," Batavia, 1894, 4to, p. 44 ; and " Pithecanthropus erectus, transitional form, 

 between Man and the Apes," Set. Trans. R. Dublin Soc. 1898, vol. vi. pp. 1-18. 



