382 SCIENCE PROGRESS 



In order to settle this question, the famous Subwealden 

 Boring was promoted by a powerful committee, on the occasion 

 of the visit;of the British Association to Brighton in 1872. 



To meet the expenses, a subscription list was opened, which 

 eventually included 333 names; the Treasury granted ^1,000 

 (of which 1^900 was drawn), and various public bodies con- 

 tributed handsomely. 



Among the list of subscribers we find the following note- 

 worthy names : 



H. Bessemer, F.R.S., £25; Charles Darwin, F.R.S., £30; 

 Prof. W. Boyd Dawkins, F.R.S., £5 ; the Duke of Devonshire, 

 ,£550; H.I.M. The Emperor of the French, £5; Robert Ether- 

 idge, F.R.S., £5; Francis Galton, F.R.S., £10; David Forbes, 

 F.R.S., £10; R. A. Godwin-Austin, F.R.S., £45; Sir John 

 Hawkshaw, F.R.S., £150; Prof. E. Hull, F.R.S., £6 2s.; Sir 

 John Lubbock, F.R.S., £50; Sir Charles Lyell, £1$; the Duke 

 of Norfolk, £7$; Prof. Prestwich, F.R.S., £10; Prof. Ramsay, 

 F.R.S., £5; the Duke of Richmond and Gordon, £10; 

 C. W. Siemens, F.R.S., £30; W. H. Smith, M.P., £40; William 

 Topley, F.R.S., £5 ; Sir Edward Watkin, M.P., £5 ; Henry 

 Willett, F.R.S., £350. 



It was to the energy and initiative of Henry Willett that the 

 exploration was due, and the committee included the names of 

 all the leading geologists of the day We may specially note 

 the names of Godwin-Austin himself, and of Boyd Dawkins, 

 who has been associated with Kent Coal until quite recently. 



The total amount of money spent was £6,122 ys. id., but the 

 results of the boring, from our point of view, were purely 

 negative. The hole attained the depth of 1,905 ft., but the 

 lowest core brought up was doubtfully referred to the Oxford 

 Clay. 



An attempt was now made to raise sufficient funds to explore in 

 Kent. But the disappointment of the first exploration dried up 

 the source of supplies, and though Sussex had given such 

 splendid support to the Subwealden Exploration, Kent failed to 

 find the funds, and this aloofness has ever since characterised the 

 attitude of that county to the discovery and development of its 

 great buried wealth. 



A sub-committee, consisting of Messrs. Godwin-Austin, 

 Ramsay, Prestwich, and Evans, drew up a report, of which the 

 following noteworthy paragraph is worth quoting : " We should 



