SPANISH ANTHROPOLOGY. in 



far from weak, though one could have wished that the 

 numerical basis had been larger, or that a control experi- 

 ment had been worked out in another district, or by another 

 hand. The great difficulty with me is that of identifying 

 the first two types with any known races. 



The first or brachykephalic one should, one would think, 

 be of Keltic or Ligurian origin ; but the broad head, sup- 

 posed to have been brought into Spain by the Kelts, seems, 

 on Aranzadi and Hoyos-Sainz's own showing, to be accom- 

 panied by a broad nose, though in some other countries 

 such is not the case. If it has here some points of resem- 

 blance to a Turanian or Mongoloid form, one need not 

 wonder ; that form is recognised by many as underlying 

 the dark Kelts in France ; Renan and De Labourdonnais 

 see it in Bretagne, as I do, and others in the Morvan and 

 elsewhere ; but in these cases the nose is broad. 



The second type may be Atlantic or Iberian, or Berber, 

 or allied to the Cro-magnon. The relation of these inter se 

 has not yet been cleared up ; some of them may have been 

 broad-nosed, but the true Iberian probably was not. 

 Lagneau, the most learned and weighty authority from 

 the historical point of view, would dissociate the Iberians 

 from the other races just named. 



The third type is the familiar blond long-head beyond 

 doubt, the Aryan of some folk, the northern barbarian of others. 

 In Guipuzcoa, Aranzadi shows it has some features common 

 to the outcast Cagots, but in other respects it distinctly 

 diverges. It abounds, apparently, especially in the north- 

 east part, near the frontier passes, for some historical but 

 forgotten reason doubtless. 



Unfortunately we have no statistics of colour except 

 these of Aranzadi's, which include a verv limited area. 

 Tubino and others tell us that the blond complexion is 

 common in Asturias, Galicia, and parts of Old Castile, as 

 well as in the Basque provinces ; and Hoyos-Sainz finds 

 the long-headed blond type in Western Galicia. Tubino 

 says the only part of the south where light hair is common, 

 so far as he knows, is the mountainous region about Ronda, 

 and Oloriz's figures exhibit this as an island of comparative 



