22 SCIENCE PROGRESS 



convention of logic requires us to suppose that we do not. In 

 the second premiss part of the Alps only is referred to, and 

 part of a class is an undistributed term. 



To this Miss Stebbing replies that the middle term is 

 distributed in both premisses. I welcome the admission, but it 

 is in flat violation ot the rules of logic. No doctrine of logic 

 is more irrevocably settled than that the predicate of an 

 affirmative proposition is undistributed ; and when Miss Stebbing 

 denies this, she makes a slip that would ensure her rejection at 

 any examination in any university in the world. I heartily 

 rejoice in her assertion that in the second premiss the part of 

 the Alps refers to the whole of that part. 1 have strenuously 

 urged in my New Logic that this is the proper interpretation, but 

 it is opposed to the unanimous teaching of the books, and when 

 I contended for it at the Aristotelian Society, I was almost torn 

 to pieces by wild Aristotelians. They stopped their ears and 

 ran upon me, crying, "This man blasphemeth : stone him to 

 death ! " With open arms I welcome Miss Stebbing as my first 

 convert from the old logic to the new. 



As to (5), I blush to have to call Miss Stebbing's attention to 

 the Fallacy of Composition. Logic says that it is impossible 

 to get a term distributed in the conclusion unless it is distributed 

 in one of the premisses ; and I give an argument in which a 

 term is distributed in the conclusion although it is not distri- 

 buted in either premiss. This is the argument : 



If Some of the crew manned the jolly boat, 

 and Others of the crew manned the long boat ; 

 then The whole of the crew were enough to man both these 

 boats. 



Here the whole of the crew is referred to in the conclusion, 

 although part only of the crew is referred to in each premiss, 

 and the rule of the syllogism is broken. Miss Stebbing says 

 that the argument obeys the rule it professes to break, for " 'the 

 whole of the crew ' is a summation of the two terms in the two 

 premisses, viz. 'some of the crew' and 'others of the crew,' 

 which together distribute the term used in the conclusion." 

 This is quite a mistake. The whole of the crew is not a 

 summation of these two terms. There were other boats on 

 board the ship, a lifeboat, a dinghy, and a yawl ; and after the 

 jolly boat and the long boat were manned there were still 



