RECENT ADVANCES IN SCIENCE 643 



vations on the Cape Ccphalodiscus (C. gilchristi) and some of 

 its Early Stages " (Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. October 191 5). 

 The eggs are enclosed in a capsule and the larva uniformly 

 ciliated. The adult lives on rocky ground in shallow water. 



Various species of fish from the Okhotsh Sea are treated by 

 Schmidt in " On the Pacific Species of Hippoglossoides " 

 {ibid. October 191 5), and Regan describes the morphology 

 of the Cyprinodont Fishes of the sub-family Phallosthethinae 

 (Proc. Zool. Soc. November 191 5). In "A Note on the 

 Parasphenoid of a Palseoniscid " (Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 

 October 191 5) Day states that his observations point strongly 

 to the Tetrapoda being derived from a primitive Teleostome 

 as against a Dipnoan as is generally maintained. 



A " Description of a New Tree- Frog of the Genus Hyla " 

 discovered by Mr. A. E. Pratt in the Arpak Mountains, Dutch 

 New Guinea, is given by G. A. Boulenger (Ann. and Mag. Nat. 

 Hist. November 191 5). Nicholls calls attention to certain 

 features in which the Bull-Frog Rana tigrina differs from its 

 European allies (Proc. Zool. Soc. November 191 5). The 

 fossil Amphibia receive attention from Moodie, who in " Coal 

 Measure Amphibia and the Crossopterygia " (Amer. Nat. 

 October 191 5) seeks to establish a phylogenetic relation between 

 these two groups. Evidence of a transitional type of limb is 

 not yet forthcoming. 



The observations of E. G. Boulenger on the feeding of 

 snakes in captivity (Proc. Zool. Soc. October 191 5) seemed 

 to show that generally snakes that refused to accept dead 

 animals would also refuse them if offered alive. A. G. Boulen- 

 ger (Proc. Zool. Soc. November 1915) furnishes " A List of the 

 Snakes of East Africa, North of the Zambesi and South of 

 the Soudan and Somaliland, and of Nyassaland," and " A List 

 of the Snakes of North-east Africa, from the Tropic to the 

 Soudan and Somaliland, including Socotra," giving keys to 

 the identification of the genera and species. He also adds 

 " Descriptions of a new Amphisbrena and a new Snake dis- 

 covered by Dr. H. G. F. Spurrell in Southern Colombia." 



" Pattern-blending with reference to Obliterative Shading 

 and Concealment of Outline " is the record of a series of 

 laboratory experiments which are compared with actual 

 patterns of animals by Muttram (Proc. Zool. Soc. November 

 191 5). In the same place is a statistical inquiry " On the 



