398 SCIENCE PROGRESS 



Palaeozoic plants were published by Dr. D. H. Scott : " The 

 Structure of Mesoxylon multirame " (Ann. Bot., vol. xxxii, 

 No. 127), well illustrated by microphotographs and drawings 

 of the stem and leaf base tissues of the species earlier de- 

 scribed by Scott and Maslen, including an amended diagnosis. 

 The accumulated detail concerning this plant accentuates the 

 relation of the genus to Cordaites. 



The Lower Carboniferous genus Calamopitys (recently 

 restored to prominence by the description of C. americana 

 by Scott and Jeffrey) was dealt with fully by Scott (" Notes 

 on Calamopitys, Unger," Linn. Soc. Jour., vol. xliv). In this 

 monograph the five species described in the genus were criti- 

 cally considered and discussed, with supplementary details 

 fully illustrated. The general result being to retain the species 

 in the genus, and not separate C. fascicularis and C. beinertiana 

 under the generic name Eristophyton, as Zalessky proposed. 



The divisions of the Coal Measure series in France received 

 treatment at the hands of P. Bertrand (" Les grandes divisions 

 paleontologiques du Stephanien du bassin de la Loire," and 

 also " Caracteres distinctifs des flores houilleres de Saint 

 Etienne et de Rive-de-Gier," Compt. rend. Acad. Sci. vol. 

 clxvii). In the Stephanien three zones were recognised and 

 subdivided according to their characteristic plant species ; 

 the work being a preliminary to more extensive detailed re- 

 examination of the famous French deposits. 



On Coal itself G. Knox published a semi-popular resume 

 of current knowledge of its origin and structure (Proc. S. Wales 

 Inst. Engineers, vol. 34, No. 1). 



The " Monograph on the Constitution of Coal," by M. C. 

 Stopes and R. V. Wheeler (Pub. Dept. Sci. Indus. Research), 

 is a critical examination of what is known up to date of the 

 details, chemical, pakeobotanical, and general, of the inherent 

 composition of ordinary Palaeozoic bituminous coal, supple- 

 mented by the views and new observations of the authors. 

 The work is comprehensive, and brings within one cover the 

 essential facts and hypotheses bearing on this much-discussed 

 and difficult subject, and is accompanied by an extensive 

 bibliography. 



ZOOLOGY. By Prof. Chas. H. O'Donoghue, D.Sc, F.Z.S., University 

 of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. 



Protozoa. — Pack, in " Two Ciliata of Great Salt Lake " (Biol. 

 Bull., vol. xxxvi, April 19 19), has investigated the effect of a 

 reduction in the salinity of the water upon two ciliates. Great 

 Salt Lake is very saline indeed, and has but a limited number 

 of living forms in it. Two ciliates were chosen and kept in 



