4 o2 SCIENCE PROGRESS 



Portal Circulation of the Cat" {Anat. Rcc, vol. xvi, April 1 9 1 9) ; and Witte, 

 " Histogenesis of the Heart Muscle of the Pig in Relation to the Appearance and 

 Development of the Intercalated Discs " {Amer. Jour. Anat., vol. xxv, May 

 1919). 



General. — More has a paper " On the Prrysiological Pro- 

 perties of the Gonads as Controllers of Somatic and Psychical 

 Characteristics " (Jour. Exp. Zoo/., vol. xxviii, May 19 19). Gonads 

 were removed from young rats and transplanted into other 

 animals of the opposite sex from which the gonads had been 

 previously removed. It is claimed that, while it is difficult 

 to find any somatic modification resulting from this inter- 

 change, the alteration in behaviour is quite marked. Young 

 females are, in as far as behaviour is concerned, transformed 

 into typical males and vice versa. In " Precipitation Structures 

 simulating Organic Growths : II, A Contribution to the Physico- 

 chemical Analysis of Growth and Heredity " (Biol. Bull., vol. 

 xxxvi, April 19 19), Lillie and Johnston have continued work 

 an account of which was published in 191 7. The first part 

 consists of a discussion of the theoretical aspect of such 

 phenomena, in which it is suggested that the specific characters 

 of organisms are determined by the specific nature of the 

 structural compounds of protoplasm, or, in general, specific 

 compounds give rise to structures of a correspondingly specific 

 type when deposited from solution in solid form. Develop- 

 ment from a germ is constant and specific in character because 

 of the constancy in the physicochemical constitution of the 

 growing system and its surroundings. Part II deals with the 

 experimental side, and describes the forms produced, the 

 electrical, mechanical, osmotic and temperature conditions 

 under which they were produced, and so on. 



Other papers include : 



Goodale and Macmullen, " The Bearing of Ratios on Theories of the Inheri- 

 tance of Winter Egg Production" {Jour. Exp. Z00L, vol. xxviii, April 1919) ; 

 Hanson, "On Teaching the Germ Layers" {Anat. Rec, vol, xvi, May 1919) ; 

 Kirkham, "The Fate of Homozygous Yellow Mice" {Jour. Exp. Zool, vol. 

 xxviii, May 1919) ; and Roberts, "The Function of Pathological States in 

 Evolution" {Proc. Zool. Soc, Pts. Ill and IV, March 1919). 



ANTHROPOLOGY. By A. G. Thacker, A.R.C.Sc, Public Museum, 

 Gloucester. 



Whilst there is an immense literature dealing with the ques- 

 tion of the antiquity of man in Europe, there is now also a 

 very considerable literature on the problem of man's origins 

 in America. It will be remembered that the surviving species 

 of man appeared first in Europe in the Aurignacian age, and 

 that this age is; most probably to be assigned to the Third (or 



