4 o SCIENCE PROGRESS 



The bodily characters presented by all the remains of 

 skeletons are of a very uniform kind. The stature ranged from 

 1,750 mm. to 1,890 mm., with a mean of from 1,820 to 1,870 mm. 

 (6 ft. to 6 ft. 3 in.). The cranial capacity is very great, ranging 

 from 1,590 to 1,715 cc. The head is dolichocephalic, and thus 

 not in harmony with the face, which is broad and short (index 

 from 63*2 to 63 - 4) ; the glabella and brow ridges are well marked, 

 the orbits rectangular and very deficient in height (index from 

 6i'4 to 667); the nose is depressed at the root, but rises rapidly, 

 and is long and narrow, or leptorhine (index from 45^9 to 56 - 9). 



A race distinguished by tall stature, a short face and depressed 

 orbits was certainly not Eskimo, nor does it appear to be repre- 

 sented among the Athapascans or Algonkians, whether living or 

 fossil. 



The Cro Magnon was the first discovered of the two races, 

 and for a long time afforded the only evidence we possessed as 

 to the physical characters of Magdalenian man. Our knowledge 

 of the Chancelade race is based on a single skeleton found on 

 October 10, 1888. It lay buried in the deposits of a rock shelter 

 on the left bank of a rivulet called the Beauronne, 7 kilometers 

 north-west of Perigueux, in the commune of Chancelade. The 

 remains of a rich Pleistocene fauna, flint implements of 

 Magdalenian type, as well as implements of bone and reindeer's 

 horn, were found associated with it. It rested on a rocky floor 

 at a depth of 1*64 meters from the surface of the soil ; overlying 

 it were first a hearth and associated debris, 37 cm. thick ; then a 

 sterile layer, 32 cm. thick; next another hearth and debris, 

 40 cm. thick; and finally a superficial layer of cave earth, 

 53 cm. thick. 



We owe a masterly anatomical study of the skeleton to 

 Dr. Testut, who states that it represents a man of low stature, 

 only 1,500 mm. in height, with a large skull (capacity 1,700 cc.) 

 having the characteristic Eskimo form : a comparison which is 

 borne out by every feature in detail ; it is wall-sided, with a pent- 

 like roof, and dolichocephalic, with an index (72^02) almost the 

 same as that of the Eskimo (mean value 7172) ; the face is 

 remarkable for its length, and there is a close correspondence in 

 the relation between the length and the breadth, or the facial 

 index, which amounts to 72-8 in the Chancelade and 72*2 in the 

 Eskimo skull ; the nose also is long and narrow, its index (42*5) 

 agreeing closely with that of the Eskimo (42-62); the orbit is 



