REVIEWS 695 



tion of Infants and Young Children is written with great detail and is evidently 

 the outcome of many years' experience of the difficulties of this branch of medical 

 work. It should be of great help to the young practitioner who may leave his 

 hospital equipped with all the theoretical knowledge necessary for his success, and 

 yet find himself at a loss when his patient, aged six or eight months, resents the 

 application of it. 



We are glad to note that the author is free from modern " fads " — for instance, 

 unlike some would-be reformers, he insists on the importance of a warm soft covering 

 for both legs and arms, taking into consideration the relatively great heat-loss 

 suffered by children : and again in the question of. moral training he considers that 

 the first steps can be taken " only by exacting implicit obedience, and this control 

 should not be relaxed until repeated practice has ingrained the primitive 

 canons of conduct as habits of thought and of action." 



We have less sympathy with the suggestion of a table railed round and covered 

 by a waterproof mattress as an alternative playground to the floor for a lively baby, 

 and we think enough attention is not given to the means of locomotion — crawling, 

 sidling and the like — which precede the upright walking. But these are minor 

 points in a book which is otherwise excellent and very pleasant reading. There 

 is a good index ; but the frontispiece, which is the only illustration, does not strike 

 us as of sufficient scientific value to compensate for the fact that its inclusion in 

 this prominent position may deter many non-medical readers from the perusal 

 of a book which would be of the greatest value to them. 



Jessie D. Granger Evans. 



Stonehenge and other British Stone Monuments Astronomically Considered. 



By Sir Norman Lockyer. Second Edition. [Pp. xvi + 499, 106 illus- 

 trations.] (London : Macmillan & Co., Ltd., 1909. Price 14s. net.) 



Sir Norman Lockyer's first book upon this subject was published in 1894, under 

 the title of The Dawn of Astronomy ; it dealt mainly with Egyptian temples, and 

 devoted only two or three pages to Stonehenge ; but in 1906 he brought out, as a 

 continuation, the first edition of the present work, devoted almost entirely to 

 rude stone monuments. The present edition contains nearly two hundred pages 

 of new matter, relating mainly to monuments examined after the publication of 

 the first edition, and forty more illustrations — many from photographs by Lady 

 Lockyer — which of themselves make it a possession to be desired by any one 

 interested in the subject. 



Sir Norman Lockyer found that in Egypt many of the temples were so arranged 

 that the rays of the rising or of the setting sun at the solstices or equinoxes shone 

 through the entrance and the whole vast length of the building into the sanctuary, 

 but that the axes of others were directed too far northward to have any relation to 

 the sun, and must have referred to some star ; he was confirmed in this view by 

 the changes anciently made in those temples which were not oriented to the sun 

 (because, owing to precessional changes, " once a solar temple, a solar temple 

 for thousands of years, once a star temple, only that star temple for something 

 like three hundred years"), and he then formed the ideas that the rising of a star 

 long enough before the sun to enable sacrifices to that luminary to be made ready 

 for the moment of its appearance would be watched for, and that the year of the 

 erection of a star temple might be inferred from the date at which some brilliant 

 star would have risen or set in the right part of the horizon. We believe that his 

 applications of this theory to the dates of foundations of Egyptian temples have 



