M ISCELLANEO US NOTES. 263 



was therefore interested in finding at Urnbargaum, near Daman, the volcanic 

 shingle almost replaced by very different materials and collected a pocketful of 

 all sorts. 



It will be noticed that the nice pebbles are mostly of sandstone grit or breccia, 

 and that they seem mostly to be of recent and contemporary formation, though of 

 very various character. 



There are many pieces of concretionary limestone (or kankar), which seem to 

 have been formed on vegetable nuclei, and one or two pieces of sandstone present 

 the same appearance. A few volcanic pebbles appear; and a fragment of pumice 

 bears witness to the great eruption of Krakatoa in 1 883, which covered the Indian 

 seas with that material for two years after. 



I have omitted to preserve a fragment of Welsh slate, and one of coal which 

 bore witness to the presence of civilized man, a bone of a whale, and some lumps 

 of Madrepore, much more abundant than hereabout; but I include a couple of 

 half-petrified oyster shells. The neighbouring soil is sand, mostly wind-blown, 

 overlying beds of recent sandstone, breccia, and conglomerate. These again rest 

 upon trap reefs. 



The molluscs of the beach seem to be much the same as here ; but the Muricidee 

 are better developed, especially a Fasciolaria. Placena placenta, the Window 

 Pearl Oyster, common near Bombay, is not present, nor is any trace of Solen. 

 Boring bivalves appear to be very common: two pebbles in every three are drilled 

 by them. The dead shells observed were all of Pholas; but probably there are 

 other genera, and their abundant presence is presumably due to that of sedi- 

 mentary rocks, more workable than basalt. 



W. F. SINCLAIR, Bo. C. S. 



Tcmna, April, 1891. 



II.— LEAF WEEVILS. 



I am sending you a few specimens of oak leaves (Quercus incana) rolled up 

 by a kind of weevil, one or two of which I also send for identification.* Their 

 method of working may be of interest. 



The beetle first cut across the leaf, at about i an inch from its base, from 

 the outside edges to the centre rib, and this too she cut partly through, I 

 presume, in order to stop the sap running up the leaf and so preventing further 

 growth. She then walked all over the upper side of the leaf and appeared to 

 me to be eating the soft whitish powder that lies on a young oak leaf, but 

 possibly she might have been applying some gummy substance to the surface 

 of the leaf, as soon after she folded the leaf together along the rib, the 

 upper side of the leaf inside. 



She then commenced rolling the leaf up. To do this she placed herself on the 

 rib of the leaf with her head towards the base, and worked with her legs 

 sideways to the right and upwards, every now and then crossing over to the 



* A species of Apoderus of the family Curculionidw (identified through Mr. L, 

 de Niceville, Hon. Secy., Insect Section).— Editor, 



