BUTTERFLIES FROM THE INDO-MALAYAN REGION. 3S5 



approximated instead of being well separated, and all the spots 

 of a deeper shade of yellow. The name I have given to this species 

 is in allusion to the marked pugilistic nature of the butterflies 

 of this genus. They often have the habit of resting with half 

 expanded wings on the upper surface of a leaf, frequently on 

 or close to its tip, whence they rush forth to do battle with 

 any intruder who closely approaches, especially with another 

 individual of the same species, the two insects circling round each 

 other with immense rapidity, and flying high up into the air. 

 After a while the butterfly is almost certain to return to the 

 same leaf from which it started for its last encounter. Specimens 

 of Parnaras are often terribly battered and worn from these 

 frequent aerial fights, and of many species it is often difficult to 

 capture a single specimen fit to put into a collection. 



P. pugnans is described from three male and two female speci- 

 mens from Perak in the Malay Peninsula obtained by Mr. W. 

 Doherty in January-February, 1890, another male from the same 

 localitjr sent to me by Mr. W. Davison, and a fourth specimen, also 

 a male, from the Island of Mas taken in 1887 by Mogdiliaui, and 

 kindly given to me by Mr. H. J. Elwes, who possesses other 

 specimens in his magnificent collection. 



29. PAPNARA MIOSTICTA, n. sp., PI. G, Fig. 31, 6 . 



Habitat : Malay Peninsula. 



Expanse : 6 , 1'6 inches. 



Description : Male. Upperside, both icings rich dark shining 

 brown; cilia ochreous. Forewing with two spots in the discoidal cell 

 towards its end, one above the other, the upper a mere dot, the lower 

 somewhat elongated ; two subapical dots, and four in a straight line 

 across the disc, commencing with a dot in the lower discoidal inter- 

 space, a little larger spot in the upper median, a pyramidal much larger 

 spot in the lower median, and a small spot touching the submedian 

 nervure in the submedian interspace ; all these spots semi-transparent 

 (except the last which is opaque) lustrous yellowish. Hindwing 

 immaculate save for a minute yellow dot in the middle of the disc 

 answering to a spot on the underside in the first median interspace. 

 Underside, both icings dark brown, but almost the entire surface over- 

 laid with golden- coloured scales. Forewing with the semi-transparent 



