158 SCIENCE PROGRESS. 



tinguished historian and litteratetir. His intimate personal 

 friendship with many of the leading scientific and literary men 

 of his time was to him a source of great joy. From the old 

 Zurich days dated his intimate friendship with Th. Momm- 

 sen, in Leipzig. Apart from his warm friendship with his 

 colleagues, more especially Professors His and Braune, he 

 became the warm friend of G. Freytag, while to his intimate 

 friends and compeers, the three great pupils of Johannes 

 Miiller, viz., Helmholtz, Brikke, and Du Bois-Reymond, he 

 dedicated his Lehrbuch der Physiologie. 



During the long period of scientific activity he was the 

 recipient of numerous honours and titles. He was a mem- 

 ber of many learned societies, including the " Akademies " 

 of Berlin, Vienna, Paris, Munich, St. Petersburg, Upsala, 

 Stockholm, Rome, Turin. He was a foreign member of 

 our own Royal Society, from which he received the Copley 

 medal. An honour he valued greatly was that conferred on 

 him by the citizens of Leipzig, in making him an honorary 

 burgess of his adopted city. On the 15th October, 1874, 

 Ludwig celebrated his silver jubilee as professor, on which 

 occasion some of his pupils, as is the custom in Germany, 

 presented him with a number of memoirs, which were pub- 

 lished under the title Beitrdge zur Anatomie unci Physiologie, 

 als Festgabe von seinen Schulern gewidmet. He was 

 again the recipient of a similar honour on the occasion of 

 his fiftieth year as doctor. During his last illness, and 

 when I went to Leipzig in the hope of seeing him, von 

 Frey reported that his strength was well maintained. At 

 that time it was proposed to have his portrait painted and 

 presented to him on his eightieth birthday, as a small token 

 of the esteem in which he was held by his pupils, but, alas ! 

 it was not to be. He died while the arrangements were 

 being made. 



Ludwig devoted himself with the utmost assiduity and 

 with untiring constancy to the work of his laboratory, but 

 from time to time he sought relief from the intense strain of 

 steady application to work by short journeys in Germany, 

 Italy, Belgium, Holland and England. For him the natural 

 beauty of the country had a great fascination, while art in 



