CARL LUDWIG. 159 



every form was a source of pleasure. How well he could 

 discourse on the beauties of Italian art, on the gems of Van 

 Eyk and the etchings of Diirer was well known to some of us 

 who had the inestimable pleasure of free intercourse with 

 him. Up to the very end of his life he preserved a wonder- 

 ful freshness and elasticity. In April, 1894, when I last saw 

 him, he seemed to have changed but little in appearance, 

 whilst the same interest in everything new in the scientific 

 world awakened his eager interest. The only sign of age he 

 then manifested was his fear that he was fast becoming old, 

 and that he no longer possessed in the fullest manner the 

 power of doing his duty as he wished to do it. He continued 

 to lecture without discomfort during the session 1894-95, 

 nay, he even conducted the examinations for the degree at 

 the end of the session, when towards the end of March, 

 1895, he was seized with an attack of influenza, and just 

 when he seemed to be recovering he was suddenly seized 

 with heart failure, late on the night of the 23rd of April, at 

 1 1 "30 p.m. As he raised himself to take a drink he fell back 

 in bed; and thus passed away in the fulness of years and full 

 of honour, perhaps — nay, the greatest teacher of physiology 

 of this or any century. Although for seven weeks he was 

 confined to his bed, yet he suffered little pain ; and at his 

 grave it was said of him as of Moses : " Seine Augen waren 

 nicht dunkel geworden, und seine Kraft war nicht verfallen," 

 so that mentally he remained " young and fresh " to the 

 last. 



His love for morphological studies was very marked. 

 He had always a microscope beside him, and whenever he 

 had a spare hour he turned his attention to histology. 

 During the last ten years many beautifully illustrated 

 memoirs were published by the Saxon Akademie, dealing 

 more especially with the distribution of blood-vessels. 

 The last of these, the arrangement of the blood-vessels of 

 the inner ear, more especially of the semicircular canals, 

 was being produced by his pupil Eicher, but he died ere 

 the work was finished, and so Ludwig finished it shortly 

 before his own death. One of the earliest and most im- 

 portant anatomical memoirs done under his direction was 



