THE USE OF MALLEIN. 443 



Nocard, may be grouped into organic and thermic, and these 

 may last twenty-four to thirty-six or even forty-eight hours 

 (22) after a subcutaneous injection. A variable amount of 

 stupor and prostration follows, and at the site of injection 

 an inflamed swelling which shows no tendency to suppurate 

 may form. Assuming that the animals have no initial fever, 

 Nocard considers that the thermic effects following injection 

 may be classified in three groups according to the intensity 

 of the febrile disturbance, which may vary from "2° to 2° C. 

 above the normal, this being 37*5° to 38 C. for the horse. 

 Schindelka of Vienna (23), whose experiments were made 

 with Foth's mallein, especially points out that a "typical" 

 temperature curve is yielded by glandered animals on injec- 

 tion of "i gramme of mallein. If the temperature reaches 

 or exceeds 2 C. above the normal, and if from this level the 

 temperature slowly falls, the animal is certainly glandered. 

 Even if a healthy animal or one suffering with pneumonia 

 or other pulmonary diseases reacts with a fever of 2 C, 

 the normal temperature is reached with an abrupt and not 

 a gradual fall. Foth has given a resumi of the experiences 

 of mallein injection. Four preparations of this substance 

 were employed : a mallein derived from cultures of bacillus 

 mallei on potato (Preusse of Dantzicand Preisz of Buda-Pest), 

 from bouillon cultures (Roux of Paris, Kresling of St. Peters- 

 burg), and the malleinum siccum of Foth. Macfadyean in 

 this country has also employed mallein of Roux and a 

 preparation obtained by himself from bouillon cultures. 

 The results may be arranged in the following manner, and 

 these appear to show that even if an injection of mallein is 

 not an infallible means of diagnosis, it is certainly one ol 

 unrivalled value when contrasted with the ordinary clinical 

 and bacteriological methods of investigation. 



A. Experiments with Preusse's or Preisz's mallein. 



Total number of horses injected . . .457 



t» • 11 a — I 2 59 glandered. 



Reaction to mallein 1 C. and over ^ov , , 1 



° [ 44 not glandered. 



~ . ,. . . fi32 not glandered. 



Reaction slight or negative . .154.1 111 



° JT ( 22 glandered. 



