370 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY, 1890. 



the wing-cases produced into long curled filaments. The last segment 

 of the abdomen is broad and flat, and from the centre of it there 

 springs a horny tail like the telson of a shrimp. By this the pupa 

 is attached to a strong cord of silk stretched across the cell. Other- 

 wise it is quite free, having no encircling baud. This arrangement 

 enables it to vibrate with extraordinary energy when its cell is 

 touched, making a sound like a rattle. 

 This and some other larvse of Hesperiidce have very formidable jaws. 



78. Suastus gremim, Fabricius. 



"We got this in June and October, also on the cocoanut palm. The 

 larva, like the last, forms a tube-cell by joining the edges of a loaf, 

 and never leaves it. The pupa is formed in the same shelter, which 

 is first lined with silk and closed at the ends. The larva is elongated, 

 smooth, thickest in the middle, the last segment flattened, the head 

 moderately large, oval, obliquely attached ; colour pale green, with 

 a thin, dark blue, dorsal line ; head light green, or whitish, with a 

 horse-shoe mark of dark brown. The pupa is like a moth pupa of 

 the most normal type and of a dirty yellowish colour. The head is 

 moderately broad without a snout. The wing-cases are produced into 

 a short double filament. 



79. Parnara bevani, Moore. 



Larva smooth (it is really clothed with short bristles almost in- 

 visible to the naked eye), thickest in the middle, pale green ; head 

 large, slightly bilobed, dark brown, or pale brown variously marked 

 with darker. Pupa like that of 8. grcmias, but of course much 

 smaller. We found this in Canara in June, August and September on 

 rice, and have often reared it in Bombay on grass. It forms a tube 

 cell which it never leaves, feeding on the edges of it. When about to 

 become a pupa it lines the cell with white silk, to which the pupa is 

 attached by the tail only. In every respect both larva and pupa show 

 much more likeness to S. gremim than to P. kumara. 



80. Parnara kumara, Moore, Plate F, figs. 4, 4a. 



Larva elongated, thickest in the middle, tapering to the head, 

 smooth, dull green, obsoletely banded with darker green, and showing 

 a dorsal line of the same colour ; head large, bilobed white 



