REPORT ON THE POLYZOA. 37 



depressed, about 6 mm. in diameter. Area oval, with the sides sloping steeply down, 

 but not forming a lamina. The membranous portion of the front wall projects, with the 

 opercular aperture at the end ; and the opercular opening exhibits very different shapes, 

 according to the position, but usually like fig. 2, though I have found sonie like the 

 aperture of Ciqndaria monotrema, as figured by Mr. Busk.^ The vibracular opening 

 has on one side a distinct auricular projection. Dorsal surface with concentric sulci 

 with cross divisions, and usually one large pore in the centre of the area thus formed, 

 but in parts of the zoarium there are several pores in one of these areas. The membrane 

 covering the dorsal surface does not show any trace of these pores. This is a somewhat 

 surprising fact, as in the Chilostomata generally the position of the pore tubes is distinctly 

 shown on the covering membrane. 



The reseml^lance to Cupularia monotrema, as described by Busk from the same 

 locality, is evident, but Cupularia cauariensis has no avicularia. The examination of 

 Ciqmlaria monotrema does not seem to have been sufficient for us to be quite sure as 

 to its position. I therefore wrote to ^Ir. Kirkpatrick, after examination of the specimen 

 brought from Edinburgh, telling him what I had noticed; and in reply he says — " Calcina- 

 tion of a fragment of Cupularia monotrema reveals its specific identity with Cupularia 

 canariensis. The avicularian cells {the only point of difference between the two species) 

 have orifices similarly shaped to those of the vibracula, and the mandibles are vibraculoid. 

 In shape of zocecium, of lamina, dorsal surface, and in character of operculum, the two 

 species resemble each other." 



Mr. Busk says that the distinction between Cupularia canariensis and Cupularia 

 gidneensis is sufficiently obvious ; but I must confess to not understanding upon what 

 characters they are separated, and still adhere to the opinion elsewhere expressed, that 

 they are synonymous. 



Hab it at. ^OS Bahia, 10 to 80 fathoms; Canaries; Madeira; Florida; New Guinea: 

 Torres Strait; Philippine Islands, Xorth-East Australia; Coast of Liberia .38 metres 

 (specimen sent by Jullien). Fossil — Miocene and Pliocene of Europe ; Aldinga, South 

 Australia. 



Selenaria maculata, Busk (PI. III. fig. 3). 



Selenaria macuJaia, Busk, Cat. Mar. Polyzoa, p. 101, pi. cxvii. ; "Waters, Quart. .Journ. Geol. 

 Soc, vol. xxxix. p. 4-iO, pi. xii. figs. 7, 9, 12; /i., vol. xli. p. .309 ; Ann. 

 and Mag. Xat. Hist., ser. .5, vol. xx. p. 201; Haswell, Polyzoa from the 

 Queensland Coast, p. 42. 



I found three unnamed species from off Port Jackson, 30 to 35 fathoms. In the 

 central cells the lower half of the oral aperture is closed by a calcareous cover. 



The membrane covering the front of the zocecium has " trabeculse " surrounding the 



1 Zool. Chall. E.rp.j part xxx., pi. xiv. fig. 5. 



