182 WOODY PLANTS OF MASSACHUSETTS. 



merited, the sap affords an intoxicating liquor called walnut 

 wine.* 



There are two species found native in New England : 



1. The Butternut, known by its long, ovate fruit, covered 

 with clammy hairs, and 



2. The Black Walnut, whose fruit is nearly round, not hairy, 

 but slightly rough with granular points. 



Sp. 1. The Butternut or Oil Nut Tree. Juglans cinerea. L. 



Figured in Bigelow's Medical Botany, Plate 32 ; in Michaux ; Sylva, Plate 31 ; 

 and in Audubon's Birds of America, Plate 142. 



A low, broad-headed tree rising to the height of thirty or forty 

 feet, and spreading to a considerable distance on every side. 

 Even in the forest it shows little disposition to soar to a great 

 height. The recent shoots are of a light greenish gray, downy, 

 soon becoming of a clear light gray, obscurely dotted. The 

 branchlets of last year are stout, smooth, of an ashen brown, 

 with gray dots, the scar of the leaf conspicuous and large. 

 The branches are horizontal or slightly inclining upwards, very 

 long, irregular, with a gray bark, soon cracking and growing 

 rough with grayish superficial rifts, the lenticular dots long and 

 lighter-colored; on the very large branches the prominent ru- 

 gosities often cross each other diagonally, cutting the surface 

 into lozenges, or the clefts separate, widening into diamonds; 

 while the trunk, covered with a dark granite gray bark, is 

 rough, with clefts not running into each other. The leaves are 

 compound, twelve to eighteen inches long, with from three to 

 seven, rarely eight, pairs of sessile leaflets, and an odd one 

 which is supported on a prolonged footstalk. The common 

 footstalk is stout at base, tapering, rounded or angular, or often 

 flattened horizontally below the leaves and vertically between 

 them, very downy, as is the lower surface of the leaves. The 

 leaflets are from two to four inches long, and somewhat less than 

 half as wide, lance-ovate, rounded at base, gradually tapering to 



* Burnett's Outlines ; II, p. 528. 



