276 WOODY PLANTS OF MASSACHUSETTS. 



Stem brown, or, on older stalks, ashy-gray or clay-colored. 

 Branches greenish brown, or bright green, or bronze yellow, 

 smooth ; recent shoots varying, on the same stem, from bright 

 to faint yellow, dusty or downy white, and apple-green. Buds 

 yellow, tipped with reddish, downy. Leaves usually some- 

 what crowded, and then very cordate at base, at other times 

 scattered, and rounded at base ; folded back, in the bud, cov- 

 ered with silky pubescence when young, smooth above, glau- 

 cous beneath when mature ; flat, waving, or recurved, ovate- 

 lanceolate or broad-lanceolate, tapering to a somewhat long 

 point. Male aments an inch long; female, one and a half 

 inches. 



This willow is found on the streams of Canada as far as the 

 Saskatchawan. It abounds on the Connecticut, Nashua, and 

 other rivers of this State, and is found in New York, and as 

 far south as Virginia, presenting some remarkable varieties. 

 The roots form large, tangled masses, on the sides of streams, 

 and are much larger than the stems proceeding from them. 

 Dr. Barratt says it furnishes excellent twigs for basket-work. 



Sp. 20. The Stiff-leaved Willow. S. rigida. Muhlenberg. 



Leaf figured in Annals of Botany, II, Plate 5, fig. 4. 



Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, subcordate at base, stiff, smooth, 

 sharply serrate, the lower serrature elongate, with a cartilaginous point; foot- 

 stalks rather long, hairy ; stipules large, cordate, obtuse, glandular-serrate ; 

 aments expanding with the leaves ; stamens about three ; scales lanceolate, 

 black, woolly ; ovaries on long stalks, lanceolate, smooth ; style very short ; 

 stigmas bipartite. — Wil/denow, IV, 667. Pursh, II, 615. Hooker, Fl. Bor. 

 Am., IT, 149. Muhlenberg, Ann. of Bot., II, 64. 



A more vigorous or coarser looking plant than the last, re- 

 sembling it very much, but distinguished by the length of its 

 hairy petioles, the coarseness of the serration of the leaves, and 

 the prolongation and stiffness of the lower serrature. 



It is a handsome small tree, sometimes fifteen feet high. 

 The stem is grayish, rather smooth, erect and slender, or pros- 

 trate along the banks of streams, where its large roots, with 

 those of S. cordafa, S. lucida, and & nigra, form dense and 

 strong bulwarks against the action of the stream. The branches 



