VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY IN 1913 631 



Among the numerous papers on fossil ungulates which have 

 been published during the year, the first place may be accorded 

 to one by Dr. O. P. Hay (Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. xlvi. pp. 

 161-200) on the extinct North American bisons. After a review 

 of the large number of previously described species, with figures 

 of the skulls of many of them, the author describes a new one, 

 on the evidence of a Kansas skull, as Bison regius. This skull 

 (fig. 1) differs from that of its near relative B. latifrons, from the 

 Pleistocene formation of Ohio, by the longer, more slender, and 

 more highly curved horn-cores. Such a difference might, indeed, 

 be merely sexual, but as the enamel-islets in the crowns of the 

 upper molars display a folding which is not found in those of the 



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Fig. I. — Front and back views of skull of the extinct Kansas 

 Bison {Bison regius). 



Ohio species, the author feels justified in regarding the Kansas 

 bison as distinct. Remains of cattle from the Pleistocene of 

 Pianosa Island, Italy, are referred by Mr. G. de Stefano, Bull. 

 Soc. Geol. Hal. ser. 3, vol. xii. pp. 50 and 70, to the new species 

 Bos bubaloides and B. intermedins. 



In vol. lx. No. 27 of the Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 

 Mr. J. W. Gidley refers an associated series of five upper cheek- 

 teeth of a large ruminant from a Pleistocene cave-deposit near 

 Cumberland, Maryland, U.S.A., to the existing African genus 

 Taurotragus, under the name of T. americanus. Although 

 elands are now restricted to Ethiopian Africa ; the present 

 writer (see Cat. Siwalik Vert, lnd. Mus. part. i. p. 18, 1885) has 

 provisionally referred certain teeth from the Indian Siwaliks to 

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