632 SCIENCE PROGRESS 



Taurotragus { = Oreas), and if this identification be correct, it 

 would tend to show how elands might have reached America 

 from Asia by the Bering Sea route. Mr. Gidley refers, more- 

 over, to the occurrence in the Pleistocene of Nevada of remains 

 of certain ruminants {Ilingoceros and Sphenophalus) as corrobo- 

 rative evidence of the former existence of tragelaphine or 

 eland-like antelopes in America, although omitting to mention 

 that these genera are regarded by Dr. Merriam {Univ. California 

 Publications, Bull. Dep. Geol. vol. vi. p. 292) as akin to the 

 American family Antilocapridce ; and if this be correct, it does 

 not seem impossible that the supposed eland represents another 

 member of the same group, as on distributional grounds it is 

 highly improbable that Taurotragus should occur in America. 

 This is also the opinion of Dr. P. Matschie, who, when 

 describing a new African race of eland {Sitzber. Ges. nat. 

 Freunde, Berlin, 191 3, p. 294), takes occasion to state that 

 he can see nothing particularly eland-like in the Maryland 

 teeth. 



In connection with elands, it may be mentioned that, in an 

 article on the association of man with extinct mammals in South 

 Africa, Dr. R. Broom {Ann. S. African Museum, vol. xii. pp. 

 13-16) has described remains of certain antelopes apparently 

 representing extinct species of existing African genera. One of 

 these, Connochajtes antiquus, is of particular interest on account 

 of being, in the opinion of its describer, intermediate between 

 the two existing species of gnus. 



An important memoir by Dr. J. Chomenko (Khomenko) on 

 the Tertiary ruminants of Taraklia, Bessarabia, is published 

 in the Annuaire geol. et min. Russ. vol. xv. pp. 107-43, with a 

 French translation of the first part. Antelopes, gazelles, 

 sivatheroids, and giraffes are abundantly represented in this 

 fauna, which serves to connect that of Pliocene India with 

 modern Africa. In the hollow-horned group, Criotherium, 

 typically from the Pliocene of Samos, is placed with the harte- 

 beests, while further indications of African affinities are 

 displayed by Procobus, a genus of antelopes akin to Cobus. 

 Three species of deer are also assigned to new genera, namely, 

 Cervocerus, Cervavitus, and Damacerus; the first two of these 

 being apparently related to the Asiatic rusine group, while 

 the third is considered to be allied to the Mesopotamian fallow 

 group. All three are referred to an extinct subfamily, for which 



