82 SCIENCE PROGRESS 



also has been found. This proves the connection between the 

 Siculi and Egypt at the time. 



A curious evidence of different trade routes is given by the 

 razor. An unusual form in Sicily has a concave hollow or 

 notch in the end (figs. 52, 54) which was reduced to a mere split 

 (fig. 56), or a slight hollow (fig. 59). The notch form travelled 

 into Italy (fig. 55), by the simple way across the strait. The 

 concave hollow widened as a crescent travelled up to Switzer- 

 land (fig. 53) and Germany (fig. 60), probably by the Adriatic. 

 The split form (fig. 56) travelled to Flanders (fig. 58) and 

 England (fig. 57), probably by the Rhone. Here four different 

 modifications branch from a type, and are carried by different 

 routes to distant lands. 



The triangular arrow-head is believed to have been started 

 in South Russia. Thence it spread over Central Europe and 

 Central Asia, and was taken by the Scythian migration into 

 Syria about 600 B.C., and hence into Egypt. 



Thus the spread of forms throughout the ancient world 

 illustrates the movements of trade and of warfare, while the 

 isolation of various types at the same time shows how efficient 

 and self-supporting the ancient civilisations were in most require- 

 ments. The history of tools has yet to be studied by a far more 

 complete collection of material, above all of specimens exactly 

 dated from scientific excavations. It will certainly be, in the 

 future, an important aid in tracing the growth and decay of 

 civilisations, the natural history of man. 



