4 i8 SCIENCE PROGRESS 



Holocephali and Dipneusti, the dorsal elements are directed 

 postero-mesially and the ventral ones antero-mesially. The 

 constrictor muscle is found in its most primitive condition in 

 the Selachii. In Teleostomi " the dorsal and ventral ends of 

 the constrictores become the levatores and the transversi and 

 obliqui dorsales and ventrales. The levator of the ultimate 

 arch is a slender muscle, and may secondarily acquire insertion 

 on the shoulder girdle. It is the homologue of the large mus- 

 culus trapezius of the Selachii. The ventral portion of the 

 constrictor of the ultimate or fifth branchial arch of the Teleo- 

 stomi is modified." 



Other papers include : " Additions to the Fish Fauna of 

 Natal," by Regan (Ann. of the Durban Mus. vol. i. July 17) ; 



" Remarks on the Midwife Toad (Alytes obstetricans), with 

 reference to Dr. P. Kammerer's observations," and " On a 

 Second Species of the Batrachian Genus Amphodus," both by 

 Boulenger (Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. July 17) ; 



" The Moulting of the King Penguin (Aptenodytes pata- 

 gonica)," by Ewart and Mackenzie (Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin. 

 vol. Hi. June 17). 



Mummery has given an account of his investigations " On 

 the Structure and Development of the Tubular Enamel of the 

 Sparidce and Labridce " (Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. vol. B, 208, 

 September 17). The enamel of the teeth in certain fishes shows 

 a strongly marked striation from the outer surface, the striae 

 not reaching to the dentine layer. This paper is an investiga- 

 tion of these striate structures and their functional significance. 

 They are shown to be produced by a regular series of tubules 

 quite independent of the enamel tubules, suggesting a closer 

 analogy with the true enamel of the osseous fishes. There 

 appears to be considerable evidence to show that the tubes 

 have a calcifying function, and are probably concerned with the 

 conveyance of the inorganic salts to the organic matrix of the 

 enamel ; granules having actually been demonstrated in the 

 tubes. Considerable difference is encountered in the structure 

 of the enamel organ in the Labrida;, but there is no doubt it is 

 a secreting organ. 



Other papers include : " The Groups of the Small and Me- 

 dium-sized South American Felidae," " A New Genus of Ursidae " 

 (Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist. July 17) and " The Genera of 

 Hapalidm (Marmozets) " (ibid. September), all by Pocock ; 



