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from the titles : (1) " The Idea of Fertilisation in the Culture 

 of the Pueblo Indians," by H. K. Haeberlin. (2) " The Indians 

 of Cuzco and the Apurimac," by H. B. Ferris. (3) " Mocassins 

 and their Relation to Arctic Footwear," by Gudmund Hatt. 

 (4) " Banaro Society. Social Organisation and Kinship System 

 of a Tribe in the Interior of New Guinea," by Richard Thurn- 

 wald. The first number of Volume IV. (that is, January to 

 March, 191 7) is, however, of more general anthropological 

 interest, and consists of a long paper by Dr. E. Sidney Hart- 

 land on " Matrilineal Kinship, and the Question of its Priority." 

 The writer begins by giving a clear history of the study of 

 Mother-right, from the time of the publication of J. J. Bacho- 

 fen's work, Das Mutterrecht, in 1861. The theory that the 

 matrilineal organisation of society is more ancient than the 

 patriarchal state was also worked out about the same time 

 and apparently quite independently by McLennan and L. H. 

 Morgan, and it has since been very widely accepted. The 

 question is, however, whether the matrilineal condition has 

 priority universally or whether there are some peoples who 

 constitute exceptions to the general rule. Dr. Hartland con- 

 siders in detail the chief cases, amongst the Central Australians 

 and certain North American tribes, which have been claimed 

 as exceptions, in that their manners and customs are said to 

 reveal no traces of an earlier condition of mother-right. Dr. 

 Hartland comes to the conclusion that these supposed excep- 

 tions will not bear examination, and that the matrilineal 

 organisation is almost certainly the primitive condition amongst 

 all peoples. 



