Sterna. BIRDS. PALMIPIDES. 143 



Length 18, breadth 33 inches. Irides dusky. Front, crown, including the 

 eyes and nape, black. Neck, breast, rump, and belly, white, the two first 

 with a reddish tinge ; back and wing-covers grey. Primaries " hoary black 

 on the outer webs, and more than half of the inner, near the shafts from the 

 points, but gradually becoming less towards the base, the shafts and interior 

 margins quite to the tip white." — (Mont.) In winter the black on the head 

 disappears, or becomes mottled with white. Eggs 2 or 3, white, with black 

 marks. — Young have the black and white mottled head tinged with red, and 

 the grey on the back with the same ; wing-feathers dusky ; tail grey at the 

 base, then dusky, with a white tip — This species seems to breed in the Fern 

 Islands on the coast of Northumberland, according to the notices given by 

 Bewick — It was first detected as a distinct species by Mr Boys of Sandwich. 



233. S. Anglica. Gull-billed Tern. — Tarsus 2 inches long, 

 Bill 1 1 inch, wholly black. Wings 3 inches longer than the 

 tail. Feet black. 



Mont. Supp. Orn. Diet. Temm. Orn. ii. 744. — In England. 

 Dimensions nearly as the preceding. Bill prominent at the symphysis, as 

 in the gulls. Front, crown, taking in the eyes, nape, and upper hind-neck 

 black, the feathers long. Below white. Back, wings, and tail dark grey ; 

 the outer feathers only of the last white ; the five first quills tipped with 

 black. In winter the head is white with black marks before and behind the 

 eye — This species was first detected by Montagu It has since been ob- 

 served in eastern Europe and the United States. 



234. S. Doug-aim. Roseate Tern.— Tarsus 1 inch. Bill If 

 inch, yellow at the base, black at the tip. Wings 2 inches 

 shorter than the tail. Feet orange. 



Mont. Supp. Orn. Diet. Temm. Orn. ii. 738 — Breeds on the Cumbray 

 Islands in the Frith of Clyde. 



Length 15J inches. Irides black ; the front, crown, including the eyes and 

 nape, black. A streak above at the base of the upper mandible, cheeks, be- 

 low the eye, neck, breast, and belly, white, the three last with a rosy blush ; 

 above grey. " Quill-feathers narrow, the first has the exterior web black, 

 with a hoary tinge ; the others are hoary on that part ; and a portion of the 

 inner web next to the shaft of the first three or four, is hoary black, becom- 

 ing by degrees paler in the succeeding feathers, all deeply margined with 

 white quite to the tip, and the shafts of all are white." — (Mont.) Tail white. 

 — This species was first noticed by Dr Macdougall of Glasgow, who communi- 

 cated the discovery to Montagu — Temminck states, that it has been found 

 on the coast of Norway, and in the Baltic. 



235. S. Hirundo. Common Tern. — Tarsus 1 inch. Bill If 



inch, crimson, tip dark. Wings about the same length as the 



tail. Feet orange. Side- feathers of the tail dusky. 



Hirundo marina, Will. Orn. 263. Sibb. Scot. 21 S. Hir. Linn. Syst. i. 



217. Penn. Brit. Zool. ii. 545. — E, Sea-Swallow, Gull-tearer, Spurre, 

 Seraye ; S, Picktarny, Tirrock, liippock ; W, Y for Wennol f'wyaf, 

 Yscraean. — Common. 



Length from 14 to 15| ; breadth from 28£ to 30 inches. Bill, from the 

 point to the feathers, in front, from 1 1 to 1 1. Gape from 1 § to 2 inches. 

 Tip of the bill varying from pale red to brownish-black. Tarsus from |th to 

 1 inch in length. Front, crown, including the upper half of the orbit, and 

 half way down the neck behind, black, in some the front is slightly freckled. 

 From the nostril along the cheek, over the ears, throat, neck, breast, and 



