188 FISHES. MALACOPTERYGIOUS. Gobitis. 



Length 15 inches. Back dusky green ; sides and bellv silvery. Mouth 

 small, the lower jaw shortest. Nostrils large. D. 9, P. 17, V. 9, A. 11. Spawns 

 in May in sandy places in the middle of the stream. Lurks near the roots 

 of trees in running water. Linnreus, by mistake, states that the tail of this 

 fish is entire. Bloch, when describing his Le Villian, or C. Jeses, adds, 

 " Pennant se tromp, quand il croit que le cephale de Linne est son chub ; 

 car la figure de la nageoire de la queue, et le nombre des rayons dans la na- 

 geoires de l'anus prouvent que ce sont deux poissons differens," Ich. tab. vi. 

 Had this author traced the chub of Pennant to the pages of Willoughby, and 

 compared the minute description of the latter with the characters given of 

 the C. cephalus by Artedi and Linne, he never would have referred our fish to 

 the Jeses of Linne, which is the Capito caruleus of Willoughby. According 

 to Pennant, the Chub is found in the Annan. — Lightfoofs Flora Scolica, i. 63. 



65. L. ratilus. Roach. — Dorsal fin with 10 rays; body 



deep compressed. 



Rutilus sive Rubellus, Merr. Pin. 190. Will. Ich. 262— Cyprimus Ru- 

 tilus, Linn. Syst. i. 529. Penn. Brit. Zool. iii. 305. Don. Brit. Fishes, 

 t. lxvii. — S, Braise. — In rivers and lakes in England and Scotland. 



Length about 1 foot. Back dusky-green ; sides and belly silvery. Scales 

 broad, "striated. P. 13, V. 9, A. 12, C. 22.— Spawns in spring — YVilloughby 

 considers the Roach as a lake fish, occasionally entering rivers. The Reve- 

 rend David lire (Author of the History of Rutherglen and Kilbride), when 

 describing the Roach, in the parish of Killearn, says, " Vast shoals come up 

 from Loch Lomond, and by nets are caught in thousands : their emigrations 

 from the loch, however, are onlv for the space of three or four days about 

 the end of May."— Stat. Ac. xvi. p. 109. 



66. L. erythropthalmus. Ited Eye — Dorsal fin with 14 

 rays. Irides red ; body deep, compressed. 



Erythropthalmus, Will. Ich. 249. — Cyprinus Evyth. Linn. Syst. i. 530. 

 Block, Ich. t. i. Don. Brit. Fishes, t. xl. — In England. 



Length about 10 inches. Back dusky green ; sides and belly silvery. P. 

 15, V. 9, A. 13 — Spawns in April. — This species claims to rank in the Bri- 

 tish Fauna, on the authority of Donovan, who has neglected to state the lo- 

 cality from whence his specimen was procured, and who considered it as the 

 Rud. Willoughby, however, adds, " ab orfo distinguitur, 1. Pluribus in pin- 

 na dorsali radiis ; 2. Macula crocea sub lingua ; 3. Volutis intestinorum." 



** Ventral and anal fins plain. 



67. L. alburnus. Bleak. — Body slender, compressed; un- 



der-jaw longest; fins pellucid 



Alburnus, Merr. Pin. 190. Will. Ich. 263 — Cvprinus alb. Linn. Syst. 



i. 531. Penn. Brit. Zool. iii. 370. Don. Brit. Fishes, t. xviii E, 



Bleik, Bleis. — In rivers in England. 



Length about 6 inches. Back green ; sides and belly silvery ; scales deci- 

 duous ; the lateral line twice bent. D. 10, P. 16, V. 9, A. 19. — Spawns in 

 May. — The silvery scales of this species are used by artists in the manu- 

 facture of artificial pearls. Sibbald inserts this species as a native of Scot- 

 land : " Alburnus, an qui nostratibus the Bleis." — Scott. III. 25. 



68. L. Phoxinus. Minnow. — Body rounded ; back de- 

 pressed; scales minute. Jaws equal. 



Phoxinus, Merr. Pin. 190. Sibb. Scot. 25 — Cyprinus Phoxinus, Linn- 

 Syst. i. 528. Penn. Brit. Zool. iii. 373. Don. Brit. Fishes, t. lx.«- 

 E. Pink, Minim.— In rivers, common. 



