526 ZOOPHYTA. SPONGIAD^. Spongia. 



their summit ; tne surface granulated." — Mont. Wern. Mem. ii. 84. t. vii.— 

 Deep water, Devonshire. 



2. S. ramosa " Palmated, and digitated round the top." — ib. 84. t. viii.-ib- 



3. S. conus. — " With numerous, short, flattish divarications issuing from the 

 sides." — ib. 85. t. x — ib. 



4. S. lobata " With clustered, ovate divarications." — ib. 85. t. ix.— ib. 



5. S. perlcmiis " Form indeterminate, texture close, surface covered with 



obtuse papillae."— ib. 8G. ib. 



6. S. aurea.—" Broad, flat, and slightly divided at the top. ib — 86. 



7. S. riffida " With obtuse spreading, irregular flattish divarications, 



arising from the same base ; usually a short stalk." — ib. 87. t. xi. f. 1, 2 — ib. 



8. S. penicellus " With a yellowish gelatinous base, supported by inter- 

 nal spicula, and having on its surface white flexible spongy tubes." — ib. 93. 

 t. xiii. f. 7- — ib. 



9. S. laevigata " Soft, compressible and elastic ; texture extremely fine, 



and reticulated."— ib. 95. t. xvi. f. 4 — ib. 



10. S. ananas. — "Ovate, rugous, tubular, the summit crowned with spines 

 surrounding the aperture." — ib. 36. t. xvi. f. 1, 2 — ib. 



11. S. limbata " With the fibres formed into larger and smaller circular 



pores, resembling lace." — ib. iii. t. xv. f. 2, 3. — ib. 



12. S. fragilis " Fragile, friable, coarsely reticulated ; the fibres rugose, 



as if covered with minute sand." — ib. 114. t. xiv. f. 1, 2 — ib. 



13. S. plumosa " Irregular, rather soft and tough when deprived of its ge- 

 latinous flesh, somewhat resembling compressed tow." — ib. 116. — ib. 



14. S. coriacea.—" Shape indefinite, wrinkled, and cavernous, not unlike a 

 piece of burnt leather." — ib. 116. 



EXTINCT SPECIES. 



1. S. ramosa Thinly branched ; nearly cylindrical. — Park. Org. Rem. ii. 



91. t. vii. f. 12 Mant. Geol. 162. t. xv. f. 11 — In Chalk. 



2. S. lobata.— Irregularly subcylindrical rounded lobes.— Park. Org. Rem. 



92. t. vii. 6.— In Clialk. 



3. S. Townsendi.— Cyathiform, containing a conical cavity ; substance po- 

 rous ; base enlarged, with diverging processes of attachment — Wiltshire, Al- 

 cyonite, Park. Org. Rem. ii. 125. front.— Spongus Town. Mant. Geol. 164. 

 t. xv. f. 9.— Chalk. 



4. S. hemisphwrica. — Hemispherical turbinated, or subcylindrical; the supe- 

 rior surface marked with flexuous depressions ; base perforated — Spongus lab. 

 Mant. Geol. 160. t. xv. f. 7-— In Chalk. 



5. S. radiatus.— Funnel-form ; externally with cylindrical, diverging, anas- 

 tomosing fibres ; meshes elongated ; internally with perforated papiflas.— Ven- 

 triculites radiatus, Mant. Geol. 168. t. x. — In Chalk. 



6. S. alcyonoides.— Conical or disciform ; meshes circular — Alcyonite, Park. 

 Org. Rem. ii. 213. t. x. £ 12.— Ventriculites alcyon. Mant. Geol. 176. 



7. S. quadrangularis.— Inversely conical cyathiform ; quadrangular ; the 

 meshes very minute.— .Ventriculites quad. Mant. Geol. 177. t. xv. f. 6.— In 

 Chalk. 



