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nection with the difference in colour aroused by spoken words 

 and by whispering. Dr. Helene Stelzner (51) tells us that in 

 her own case full-toned speech appears as a coloured picture, 

 whereas whispering, with its much less resonant vowels, appears 

 like a copper-plate engraving, that is as non-chromatic. 



Quite apart from all these things— synaesthesiae — is coloured 

 thinking or chromatic mentation. Here it is not a question of a 

 sensation being present at all, it is that certain persons who 

 have this power, faculty, or disability cannot visualise any 

 concept without seeing it in the mind's eye as coloured in 

 some way or other. Indeed the majority of the coloured 

 thinkers questioned by the author do not experience colours 

 when they hear sounds or musical tones, but they cannot think 

 of anything definitely, the month, the day, the hour, without its 

 being thought of as red or yellow or black or white or brown or 

 green or blue. There is no approach towards unanimity in the 

 colours thought of in association with any one concept or word ; 

 for instance, for Saturday the colours selected at random from 

 records in my possession are white, yellow, steel-grey, white- 

 grey, crimson, brown. The coloured thought may be called a 

 psychochrome, and persons who think in colours psycho- 

 chromaesthetes, the faculty or disposition to think in colours 

 being psychochromaesthesia. 



Apparently the concepts to be most commonly coloured are 

 those for the vowels, the consonants, the months, the days, and 

 the hours of the day. Thus the vowel "a" as in "fame" is 

 mentally coloured in the following five ways in five different 

 persons— red, black, green, white-grey, and white respectively. 

 Or take the vowel " u " as in " usual " ; we find it psychically 

 coloured as grey-white, yellow, black, brown, blue, and green 

 in six different coloured thinkers. Similarly, whole words are 

 associated with colours in the minds of this class of thinkers. 

 One person says he divides all words into two great classes, the 

 dark and the light. Random examples of dark words are— man, 

 hill, night, horse, Rome, London ; and of light— sea, child, 

 silver, year, day, and Cairo. Or again, another coloured thinker 

 divides up the numerals into those associated with cold colours, 

 grey, black, blue, green, and those with warm, red, yellow, 

 orange, brown, purple, and pink. The odd numbers have the 

 cold colours, the even the warm. In some cases, as might be 

 expected, the coloured concepts are appropriate or natural, 



