33 8 SCIENCE PROGRESS 



The fall was largest, therefore, at Leeds Forge, in the heart 

 of the manufacturing district, and smallest at Roundhay, an 

 agricultural district situated on the west side of the city. The 

 fall in the centre of the city was 242 tons. 



Glasgow and other Scotch Towns. — The average amount of 

 air pollution in several towns and cities of Scotland has been 

 investigated by Chief Sanitary Inspector Fyfe, of Glasgow, and 

 the results of his investigations are recorded in an interesting 

 paper contributed to the Manchester Conference referred to 

 above. The observations were only continued for the two 

 winter months of the years 1910-11, and therefore they cannot 

 be compared with observations extending over twelve months, 

 as the winter soot and dust fall is always much heavier than 

 the summer one, especially in thickly populated districts. 

 Assuming that the fall during the two winter months, when 

 Inspector Fyfe's observations were made, was twice as heavy as 

 in June and July, the total annual fall of soot and dust in Scotch 

 towns, as determined by these observations, would be as 

 follows : Inverness 47 tons, Stirling 80 tons, Port Glasgow 160 

 tons, Govan 240 tons, Falkirk 314 tons, Glasgow 665 tons, 

 Coatbridge 969 tons. 



The results of the English and Scotch observations, how- 

 ever, are not comparable one with the other, as they were 

 made at different times, with different apparatus, and under 

 different conditions — and it is for the purpose of overcoming 

 this defect that the Committee for the Investigation of At- 

 mospheric Pollution have insisted on the use of a standard 

 form of gauge, and of a standard method of examining the 

 deposit, in the observations now being carried on. 



The figures for the first three months' observations are 

 not yet complete, but so far as they are available they are given 

 in Table II. 



It will be observed that the totals in column b require multi- 

 plying by 12 to give the total fall in tons per square mile per 

 annum, and that when this factor has been applied, the totals 

 vary from 54 tons at Malvern up to 504 tons at Liverpool and 

 Paisley, and 564 tons at Newcastle-on-Tyne. The winter 

 months will, of course, provide far higher totals than these, 

 but the average for the twelve months will no doubt be some- 

 where about this figure. These are staggering totals when one 

 remembers that this amount of impurity is suspended under 



